Mickle Karen J, Steele Julie R
Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia.
Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Gait Posture. 2015 Oct;42(4):442-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.07.013. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
There is evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis. However, no research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of individuals older than 60 years of age. Therefore we investigated whether foot pain, foot structure, and/or foot function is affected by obesity in older adults. Three hundred and twelve Australian men and women, aged over 60 years, completed validated questionnaires to establish the presence of foot pain and health related quality of life. Foot structure (anthropometrics and soft tissue thickness) and foot function (ankle dorsiflexion strength and flexibility, toe flexor strength, plantar pressures and spatiotemporal gait parameters) were also measured. Obese participants (BMI >30) were compared to those who were overweight (BMI=25-30) and not overweight (BMI <25). Obese participants were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of foot pain and scored significantly lower on the SF-36. Obesity was also associated with foot-related functional limitation whereby ankle dorsiflexion strength, hallux and lesser toe strength, stride/step length and walking speed were significantly reduced in obese participants compared to their leaner counterparts. Therefore, disabling foot pain and altered foot structure and foot function are consequences of obesity for older adults, and impact upon their quality of life. Interventions designed to reduce excess fat mass may relieve loading of the foot structures and, in turn, improve foot pain and quality of life for older obese individuals.
有证据表明，超重或肥胖会使成年人患足部并发症（如骨关节炎、肌腱炎和足底筋膜炎）的风险更高。然而，尚无研究全面考察超重或肥胖对60岁以上人群足部的影响。因此，我们调查了肥胖是否会影响老年人的足部疼痛、足部结构和/或足部功能。312名60岁以上的澳大利亚男性和女性完成了经过验证的问卷，以确定是否存在足部疼痛以及与健康相关的生活质量。还测量了足部结构（人体测量学和软组织厚度）和足部功能（踝关节背屈力量和灵活性、趾屈肌力量、足底压力和时空步态参数）。将肥胖参与者（BMI>30）与超重（BMI=25-30）和非超重（BMI<25）的参与者进行比较。结果发现，肥胖参与者足部疼痛的患病率显著更高，且在SF-36量表上的得分显著更低。肥胖还与足部相关的功能受限有关，与较瘦的同龄人相比，肥胖参与者的踝关节背屈力量、拇趾和小趾力量、步幅/步长和步行速度显著降低。因此，致残性足部疼痛以及足部结构和功能改变是老年人肥胖的后果，并影响他们的生活质量。旨在减少多余脂肪量的干预措施可能会减轻足部结构的负荷，进而改善老年肥胖个体的足部疼痛和生活质量。
