Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2015 Aug;33:92-102. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.07.013. Epub 2015 Aug 26.
Mitochondria comprise two membrane systems, a bordering outer membrane and an invaginated inner membrane containing the oxidative phosphorylation machinery for ATP synthesis. Most mitochondrial membrane proteins are produced as precursors in the cytosolic compartment of the cell and imported into the organelle, whereas only few proteins are synthesized in the mitochondrial matrix. The topologically correct integration of hydrophobic precursor proteins into phospholipid bilayers is a particular challenge for protein translocation systems. Because of this mechanistic complexity, membrane proteins with distinct transmembrane topologies require profoundly different biogenesis pathways. Here we discuss recent findings on the structure and function of the diverse molecular machineries for mitochondrial membrane protein insertion.
线粒体由两个膜系统组成，一个是边界外膜，另一个是内陷的内膜，内膜包含氧化磷酸化机制，用于合成 ATP。大多数线粒体膜蛋白在细胞质基质中作为前体产生，并被导入细胞器，而只有少数蛋白质在线粒体基质中合成。疏水性前体蛋白拓扑正确地整合到磷脂双层中是蛋白质转运系统面临的一个特殊挑战。由于这种机制的复杂性，具有不同跨膜拓扑结构的膜蛋白需要截然不同的生物发生途径。在这里，我们讨论了关于线粒体膜蛋白插入的各种分子机制的结构和功能的最新发现。
