放射治疗开始时生活质量预测因素中的性别差异。
Gender Differences in Predictors of Quality of Life at the Initiation of Radiation Therapy.
作者信息
West Claudia, Paul Steven M, Dunn Laura, Dhruva Anand, Merriman John, Miaskowski Christine
机构信息
University of California, San Francisco.
School of Nursing, UCSF.
出版信息
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2015 Sep;42(5):507-16. doi: 10.1188/15.ONF.507-516.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate gender differences in quality of life (QOL), demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics.
DESIGN
Prospective, observational.
SETTING
Two radiation oncology departments in northern California.
SAMPLE
185 patients before initiation of radiation therapy (RT).
METHODS: At their RT simulation visit, patients completed a demographic questionnaire, a measure of QOL, and symptom-specific scales. Backward elimination regression analyses were conducted to determine the significant predictors of QOL .
MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: QOL, gender, and 20 potential predictors .
FINDINGS: In women, depressive symptoms, functional status, age, and having children at home explained 64% of the variance in QOL. In men, depressive symptoms, state anxiety, number of comorbidities, being a member of a racial or ethnic minority, and age explained 70% of the variance in QOL .
CONCLUSIONS: Predictors of QOL differed by gender. Depressive symptom score was the greatest contributor to QOL in both genders. .
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Nurses need to assess for QOL and depression at the initiation of RT. Knowledge of the different predictors of QOL may be useful in the design of gender-specific interventions to improve QOL.
目的/目标：评估生活质量（QOL）、人口统计学、临床及症状特征方面的性别差异。
设计
前瞻性观察研究。
地点
北加利福尼亚的两个放射肿瘤学科室。
样本
185例放疗（RT）开始前的患者。
方法
在放疗模拟就诊时，患者完成一份人口统计学问卷、一份生活质量测量表及特定症状量表。进行向后逐步回归分析以确定生活质量的显著预测因素。
主要研究变量
生活质量、性别及20个潜在预测因素。
研究结果
在女性中，抑郁症状、功能状态、年龄及家中有子女可解释生活质量差异的64%。在男性中，抑郁症状、状态焦虑、合并症数量、属于种族或少数民族及年龄可解释生活质量差异的70%。
结论
生活质量的预测因素因性别而异。抑郁症状评分是两性生活质量的最大影响因素。
对护理的启示
护士需要在放疗开始时评估生活质量和抑郁情况。了解生活质量的不同预测因素可能有助于设计针对性别的干预措施以改善生活质量。
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