Auger Nathalie, Le Serbon Emilie, Rasella Davide, Aquino Rosana, Barreto Maurício L
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada Institut de Démographie de l'Université Paris 1, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2016 Sep;38(3):467-473. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv111. Epub 2015 Aug 25.
Brazil and Canada are on opposite poles of the spectrum for life expectancy in America. We identified factors underlying Brazil's lower life expectancy relative to Canada, with emphasis on the role of injury compared with other major causes.
We computed life expectancy at birth in Brazil and Canada in 2010 and identified the ages and causes of death responsible for the gap between both countries. The main outcome measure was the contribution of homicide and traffic accidents to the gap, compared with other causes of death.
Relative to Canada, life expectancy was lower in Brazil by 8.2 years (men) and 5.2 years (women). Injury lowered life expectancy of men in Brazil by 2.2 years, or more than a quarter of the gap, mainly due to homicide and traffic accidents between ages 20 and 64 years. Homicide and traffic accidents contributed more than all circulatory diseases combined. In women, circulatory disease was the most important cause of lower life expectancy.
In 2010, homicides and traffic accidents were the principal cause for short life expectancy of men in Brazil. Improving life expectancy in Brazil requires addressing the root causes of inequalities that drive illicit drug trade, violence and accidents.
在美国，巴西和加拿大在预期寿命方面处于两极。我们确定了巴西相对于加拿大预期寿命较低的潜在因素，重点关注伤害相对于其他主要死因所起的作用。
我们计算了2010年巴西和加拿大的出生时预期寿命，并确定了导致两国之间差距的死亡年龄和死因。主要结局指标是与其他死因相比，凶杀和交通事故对差距的影响。
相对于加拿大，巴西男性预期寿命低8.2岁，女性低5.2岁。伤害使巴西男性预期寿命降低了2.2岁，占差距的四分之一以上，主要原因是20至64岁之间的凶杀和交通事故。凶杀和交通事故的影响超过了所有循环系统疾病的总和。在女性中，循环系统疾病是预期寿命较低的最重要原因。
2010年，凶杀和交通事故是巴西男性预期寿命短的主要原因。提高巴西的预期寿命需要解决导致非法毒品交易、暴力和事故的不平等根源问题。
