Li Dan, Zhao Huiyan, Gao Huanhuan, Hu Zuqing, Hu Xiangshun
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress in Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Corresponding author, e-mail:
Environ Entomol. 2015 Apr;44(2):379-91. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvu021. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
Local adaptation, an important phenomenon in ecological speciation, occurs in Myzus persicae (Sulzer), with the tobacco-adapted line proposed as a subspecies. Recent studies showed that temperature could alter the selection strength and direction in host-herbivore interactions. To understand the formation of host-adapted speciation and the effects of temperature on host adaptation, the parthenogenetic progeny of an M. persicae egg were conditioned on two hosts for >10 generations. Then, their life table parameters were studied after reciprocal transfer under a temperature gradient. The results showed that aphids habituated on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.) had different optimal temperatures, including different upper thresholds of development and reproduction on original and alternative hosts. After habituation for >10 generations, local adaptation of aphids on the host of origin was formed, which was observed as the better performance of the native aphids compared with the foreign ones. The M. persicae that habituated on rape appeared more generalized to the host plants than the aphids that habituated on tobacco. The adaptation patterns of green peach aphids on two hosts varied differentially according to temperature, which verified the temperature-mediated effects of host selection on herbivores, implying the presence of a demographic basis of aphid seasonal migration.
局域适应是生态物种形成中的一个重要现象，在烟蚜（Myzus persicae (Sulzer)）中存在，适应烟草的品系被提议作为一个亚种。最近的研究表明，温度可以改变寄主 - 食草动物相互作用中的选择强度和方向。为了理解寄主适应物种形成的过程以及温度对寄主适应的影响，将烟蚜单个卵孤雌生殖的后代在两种寄主上饲养超过10代。然后，在温度梯度下进行相互转移后，研究它们的生命表参数。结果表明，适应烟草（Nicotiana tabacum L.）和油菜（Brassica napus L.）的蚜虫具有不同的最适温度，包括在原寄主和替代寄主上发育和繁殖的不同上限温度。经过超过10代的适应后，蚜虫在原寄主上形成了局域适应，表现为本地蚜虫比外来蚜虫表现更好。与适应烟草的蚜虫相比，适应油菜的烟蚜对寄主植物的适应性更强。烟蚜在两种寄主上的适应模式随温度不同而变化，这证实了温度介导的寄主选择对食草动物的影响，暗示了蚜虫季节性迁飞存在种群统计学基础。
