Braga Laura, Diniz Ivone Rezende
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Jun;44(3):499-508. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv026. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
Moths exhibit different levels of fidelity to habitat, and some taxa are considered as bioindicators for conservation because they respond to habitat quality, environmental change, and vegetation types. In this study, we verified the effect of two phytophysiognomies of the Cerrado, savanna and forest, on the diversity distribution of moths of Erebidae (Arctiinae), Saturniidae, and Sphingidae families by using a hierarchical additive partitioning analysis. This analysis was based on two metrics: species richness and Shannon diversity index. The following questions were addressed: 1) Does the beta diversity of moths between phytophysiognomies add more species to the regional diversity than the beta diversity between sampling units and between sites? 2) Does the distribution of moth diversity differ among taxa? Alpha and beta diversities were compared with null models. The additive partitioning of species richness for the set of three Lepidoptera families identified beta diversity between phytophysiognomies as the component that contributed most to regional diversity, whereas the Shannon index identified alpha diversity as the major contributor. According to both species richness and the Shannon index, beta diversity between phytophysiognomies was significantly higher than expected by chance. Therefore, phytophysiognomies are the most important component in determining the richness and composition of the community. Additive partitioning also indicated that individual families of moths respond differently to the effect of habitat heterogeneity. The integrity of the Cerrado mosaic of phytophysiognomies plays a crucial role in maintaining moth biodiversity in the region.
蛾类对栖息地表现出不同程度的忠诚度，一些分类群被视为保护生物指标，因为它们对栖息地质量、环境变化和植被类型有反应。在本研究中，我们通过层次加法划分分析，验证了塞拉多地区两种植物群落类型（稀树草原和森林）对夜蛾科（灯蛾亚科）、天蚕蛾科和天蛾科蛾类多样性分布的影响。该分析基于两个指标：物种丰富度和香农多样性指数。研究解决了以下问题：1）植物群落类型之间蛾类的β多样性比采样单元之间和地点之间的β多样性为区域多样性增加的物种更多吗？2）蛾类多样性的分布在不同分类群之间是否存在差异？将α和β多样性与零模型进行比较。对三个鳞翅目科的物种丰富度进行加法划分，结果表明植物群落类型之间的β多样性是对区域多样性贡献最大的组成部分，而香农指数则表明α多样性是主要贡献者。根据物种丰富度和香农指数，植物群落类型之间的β多样性显著高于随机预期。因此，植物群落类型是决定群落丰富度和组成的最重要组成部分。加法划分还表明，蛾类的各个科对栖息地异质性的影响反应不同。塞拉多植物群落镶嵌体的完整性在维持该地区蛾类生物多样性方面起着至关重要的作用。
