Sun Yu-chuan, Wang Yong-qi, Liang Zuo-bing, Yuan Dao-xian
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 May;36(5):1605-14.
Five soil profiles and four typical epikarst springs were selected in Nanchuan District, Chongqing Municipality as objects of the study on vertical migration of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the soils and its impact on groundwater. OCPs in soil and epikarst spring water samples were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that HCHs and DDTs were detected in all the 5 soil profiles, varying in the range of 0.77-18.3 and 0.34-226 ng · g(-1), and averaging 5.16 and 16 ng · g(-1) in concentration, respectively. The highest concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were found in the subsoil (10-40 cm) in most sampling sites. The detection ratios of HCHs and DDTs in four springs were 100%. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs fluctuated greatly in epikarst spring water during the one-year observation, and the concentration ranged from 2.09 to 60.1 and from N. D. to 79.8 ng · L(-1), with a mean value of 12 and 9.16 ng · L(-1), respectively. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in Hougou, Baishuwan and Lanhuagou spring in rainy season were all. higher than those in dry season in these three epikarst springs. There were no good corresponding relationship between HCHs and DDTs contents in spring water and those in corresponding spring catchment soil. TOC, soil water content, clay content and pH all inhibited the vertical migration of OCPs in Hougou spring catchment, which led to the lowest content of OCPs in spring water, although the OCPs content in Hougou spring catchment soils was the highest in the four spring catchments. However, the four factors didn't inhibit the vertical migration of OCPs in Shuifang spring catchment, which led to higher OCPs content in spring water, although the OCPs content in spring catchment soils was the lowest in the four spring catchments.
选取重庆市南川区的5个土壤剖面和4个典型表层岩溶泉作为研究对象，研究有机氯农药（OCPs）在土壤中的垂直迁移及其对地下水的影响。采用气相色谱法对土壤和表层岩溶泉水中的OCPs进行定量分析。结果表明，在所有5个土壤剖面中均检测到六氯环己烷（HCHs）和滴滴涕（DDTs），含量范围分别为0.7718.3 ng·g-1和0.34226 ng·g-1，平均含量分别为5.16 ng·g-1和16 ng·g-1。多数采样点的HCHs和DDTs最高含量出现在心土层（1040 cm）。4个泉水中HCHs和DDTs的检出率均为100%。在1年的观测期内，表层岩溶泉水中HCHs和DDTs含量波动较大，含量范围分别为2.0960.1 ng·L-1和未检出（ND）至79.8 ng·L-1，平均值分别为12 ng·L-1和9.16 ng·L-1。在这3个表层岩溶泉中，后沟泉、白树湾泉和兰花沟泉雨季的HCHs和DDTs含量均高于旱季。泉水中HCHs和DDTs含量与相应泉集水区土壤中的含量之间没有良好的对应关系。总有机碳（TOC）、土壤含水量、黏粒含量和pH值均抑制了后沟泉集水区OCPs的垂直迁移，导致该泉水中OCPs含量最低，尽管后沟泉集水区土壤中的OCPs含量在4个泉集水区中最高。然而，这4个因素并未抑制水方泉集水区OCPs的垂直迁移，导致该泉水中OCPs含量较高，尽管该泉集水区土壤中的OCPs含量在4个泉集水区中最低。
