Kaufmann H J
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1979 Dec;1(4):313-6. doi: 10.1097/00004836-197912000-00006.
Esophageal roentgenographic studies were done on 100 persons with no esophageal symptoms to determine the range of normal anatomy and motor activity. Sixty-three persons had at least one "abnormality." Fifty-eight had an hiatal hernia, 42 had rings of one sort or another, and 21 had motor disorders. The high incidence of rings which can be demonstrated by maximal distention of the lower esophagus is of special interest in view of the recent additions to knowledge of the anatomy of this area. The range of what should be considered normal roentgenographically should be widened, and the physician should interpret with caution reports of esophageal abnormalities in asymptomatic persons.
对100名无食管症状的人进行了食管X线造影研究，以确定正常解剖结构和运动活动的范围。63人至少有一项“异常”。58人有食管裂孔疝，42人有某种类型的环，21人有运动障碍。鉴于该区域解剖学知识的最新补充，通过食管下段最大扩张可显示的环的高发生率尤其令人关注。应扩大X线造影正常范围的界定，医生对无症状者食管异常报告的解读应谨慎。
