Lara Jose, Ogbonmwan Ikponmwonsa, Oggioni Clio, Zheng Dingchang, Qadir Othman, Ashor Ammar, Brandt Kirsten, Mathers John C, Siervo Mario
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Maturitas. 2015 Oct;82(2):228-35. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.07.028. Epub 2015 Aug 1.
Hypertension is a major contributor to the global burden of cardiovascular diseases and its prevalence increases progressively with ageing. Therefore the identification of effective, age-friendly exercise and nutritional interventions which lower blood pressure (BP) is a research priority.
To undertake a pilot RCT examining the efficacy of isometric handgrip exercise (IHGE) and beetroot juice (a rich source of inorganic nitrate) consumption in modifying clinic and 24-h ambulatory BP (24-h ABP), peripheral arterial function and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in older overweight and obese adults.
Thirty middle age and older adults (62±5 years) were randomised to: (a) bilateral IHGE at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction (8 min/day), (b) 140 ml/day of concentrated beetroot juice, or (c) no-intervention (control group), for 7 days. All groups followed a standardised diet to control nitrate intake. Clinic and 24-h ABP, peripheral arterial function quantified by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial volume distensibility were assessed before and after intervention.
Clinical ageing research unit, Newcastle University.
At baseline, there were no between-group differences in age, handgrip strength, clinic or 24-h ABP, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, physical activity level, energy intake or urinary and plasma nitrate concentrations. After intervention, there were no significant effects on clinic systolic and diastolic BP or 24-h ABP, PWV (p=0.54), arterial volume distensibility (p=0.89), or ADMA (p=0.45).
IHGE or beetroot juice consumption for 7 days did not affect BP or peripheral arterial function in overweight and obese middle age and older adults. Ageing may reduce the effects of these interventions on vascular function and studies are needed to test this hypothesis.
高血压是全球心血管疾病负担的主要促成因素，其患病率随年龄增长而逐渐上升。因此，确定有效且适合老年人的运动和营养干预措施以降低血压是一项研究重点。
进行一项试点随机对照试验，研究等长握力运动（IHGE）和饮用甜菜根汁（无机硝酸盐的丰富来源）对改善老年超重和肥胖成年人的诊室血压及24小时动态血压（24-h ABP）、外周动脉功能和血浆不对称二甲基精氨酸（ADMA）的效果。
30名中老年人（62±5岁）被随机分为：（a）以最大自主收缩力的50%进行双侧IHGE（每天8分钟），（b）每天饮用140毫升浓缩甜菜根汁，或（c）不进行干预（对照组），为期7天。所有组均遵循标准化饮食以控制硝酸盐摄入量。在干预前后评估诊室血压及24小时动态血压、通过脉搏波速度（PWV）和动脉容积扩张性量化的外周动脉功能。
纽卡斯尔大学临床衰老研究单位。
在基线时，各组在年龄、握力、诊室血压或24小时动态血压、体重指数、腰围、脂肪量、身体活动水平、能量摄入或尿及血浆硝酸盐浓度方面无组间差异。干预后，对诊室收缩压和舒张压、24小时动态血压、脉搏波速度（p = 0.54）、动脉容积扩张性（p = 0.89）或不对称二甲基精氨酸（p = 0.45）均无显著影响。
超重和肥胖的中老年人进行7天的等长握力运动或饮用甜菜根汁对血压或外周动脉功能无影响。衰老可能会降低这些干预措施对血管功能的影响，需要开展研究来验证这一假设。
