Wong Daniel, Ramachandra Srinivas Sulugodu, Singh Ashish Kumar
Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Selangor, Malaysia.
Contemp Clin Dent. 2015 Jul-Sep;6(3):418-20. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.161908.
Williams syndrome is a multisystemic rare genetic disorder caused by deletion of 26-28 genes in the long arm of chromosome 7. It is characterized by developmental and physical abnormalities including congenital cardiovascular abnormalities, mental retardation, neurological features, growth deficiency, genitourinary manifestations, gastrointestinal problems, musculoskeletal problems, unique behavioral characteristics, and dental problems. Dental abnormalities include malocclusion, hypodontia, malformed teeth, taurodontism, pulp stones, increased space between teeth, enamel hypoplasia, and high prevalence of dental caries. Authors report a 17-year-old female patient with underlying Williams syndrome. Oral features and problems seen in the patient are listed. Malocclusion and screwdriver shaped teeth were noticed. Generalized widening of the periodontal ligament space with vital teeth was seen. This finding has not been reported in cases of Williams syndrome earlier. Precautions taken during dental treatment in patients with Williams syndrome are also discussed.
威廉姆斯综合征是一种多系统罕见遗传病,由7号染色体长臂上26 - 28个基因缺失引起。其特征为发育和身体异常,包括先天性心血管异常、智力迟钝、神经学特征、生长发育迟缓、泌尿生殖系统表现、胃肠道问题、肌肉骨骼问题、独特行为特征以及牙齿问题。牙齿异常包括错牙合畸形、缺牙、牙齿畸形、牛牙症、髓石、牙间隙增大、釉质发育不全以及龋齿高发。作者报告了一名患有威廉姆斯综合征的17岁女性患者。列出了该患者的口腔特征和问题。发现有错牙合畸形和螺丝刀形牙齿。可见有活力牙齿的牙周膜间隙普遍增宽。这一发现此前在威廉姆斯综合征病例中未见报道。文中还讨论了威廉姆斯综合征患者牙科治疗期间采取的预防措施。