Dahnke Michael D
Department of Health Administration, Division of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Mail Stop MS 71043, 1601 Cherry St., Room 771, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
J Bioeth Inq. 2015 Dec;12(4):709-22. doi: 10.1007/s11673-015-9658-0. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Most modern ethicists and ethics textbooks assert that religion holds little or no place in ethics, including fields of professional ethics like medical ethics. This assertion, of course, implicitly refers to ethical reasoning, but there is much more to the ethical life and the practice of ethics-especially professional ethics-than reasoning. It is no surprise that teachers of practical ethics, myself included, often focus on reasoning to the exclusion of other aspects of the ethical life. Especially for those with a philosophical background, reasoning is the most patent and pedagogically controllable aspect of the ethical life-and the most easily testable. And whereas there may be powerful reasons for the limitation of religion in this aspect of ethics, there are other aspects of the ethical life in which recognition of religious belief may arguably be more relevant and possibly even necessary. I divide the ethical life into three areas-personal morality, interpersonal morality, and rational morality-each of which I explore in terms of its relationship to religion, normatively characterized by the qualities of devotion, diversity, and reasoning, respectively.
大多数现代伦理学家和伦理学教科书都断言，宗教在伦理学中所占的比重很小或几乎没有，包括医学伦理学等职业道德领域。当然，这种断言隐含地指的是伦理推理，但伦理生活和伦理实践——尤其是职业道德——所包含的内容远不止推理。毫不奇怪，包括我在内的实践伦理学教师常常专注于推理，而忽略了伦理生活的其他方面。特别是对于那些有哲学背景的人来说，推理是伦理生活中最明显且在教学上最可控的方面——也是最容易测试的方面。虽然在伦理学的这一方面限制宗教可能有充分的理由，但在伦理生活的其他方面，承认宗教信仰可能更具相关性，甚至可能是必要的。我将伦理生活分为三个领域——个人道德、人际道德和理性道德——我将分别从它们与宗教的关系来探讨这三个领域，其规范性特征分别为奉献、多样性和推理。
