Krüger Karsten, Petermann Carmen, Pilat Christian, Schubert Emil, Pons-Kühnemann Jörn, Mooren Frank C
a University of Giessen , Germany.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2015;21(2):150-7. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1029290.
To investigate the effect of a preventive strength training program on cardiovascular, metabolic and muscular strains during welding. Welders are one of the occupation groups which typically have to work in extended forced postures which are known to be an important reason for musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects (exercise group) accomplished a 12-week strength training program, while another group served as controls (control group). Pre and post training examinations included the measurements of the one repetition maximum and an experimental welding test. Local muscle activities were analysed by surface electromyography. Furthermore, heart rate, blood pressure, lactate and rating of perceived exertion were examined. In the exercise group, strength training lead to a significant increase of one repetition maximum in all examined muscles (p<.05). During the experimental welding test muscle activities of trunk and shoulder muscles and arm muscles were significantly reduced in the exercise group after intervention (p<.05). While no changes of neither cardiovascular nor metabolic parameters were found, subjects of the exercise group rated a significantly decreased rate of perceived exertion welding (p<.05). Effects of strength training can be translated in an improved working ergonomics and tolerance against the exposure to high physical demands at work.
研究预防性力量训练计划对焊接过程中心血管、代谢和肌肉劳损的影响。焊工是典型的必须长时间保持强迫姿势工作的职业群体之一，而这种姿势是肌肉骨骼疾病的一个重要原因。受试者（运动组）完成了一项为期12周的力量训练计划，另一组作为对照组。训练前后的检查包括对一次重复最大负荷的测量和一次实验性焊接测试。通过表面肌电图分析局部肌肉活动。此外，还检查了心率、血压、乳酸和自觉用力程度。在运动组中，力量训练导致所有被检查肌肉的一次重复最大负荷显著增加（p<0.05）。在实验性焊接测试中，运动组干预后躯干和肩部肌肉以及手臂肌肉的肌肉活动显著降低（p<0.05）。虽然未发现心血管和代谢参数有变化，但运动组受试者在焊接时自觉用力程度的评分显著降低（p<0.05）。力量训练的效果可以转化为工作人体工程学的改善以及对工作中高体力需求暴露的耐受性提高。
