Ahmad Khan Junaid, Mustafa M, Hayat T, Alsaedi A
Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 1;10(9):e0137363. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137363. eCollection 2015.
This work deals with the flow and heat transfer in upper-convected Maxwell fluid above an exponentially stretching surface. Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is employed for the formulation of the energy equation. This model can predict the effects of thermal relaxation time on the boundary layer. Similarity approach is utilized to normalize the governing boundary layer equations. Local similarity solutions are achieved by shooting approach together with fourth-fifth-order Runge-Kutta integration technique and Newton's method. Our computations reveal that fluid temperature has inverse relationship with the thermal relaxation time. Further the fluid velocity is a decreasing function of the fluid relaxation time. A comparison of Fourier's law and the Cattaneo-Christov's law is also presented. Present attempt even in the case of Newtonian fluid is not yet available in the literature.
本文研究了指数拉伸表面上方上随体麦克斯韦流体中的流动与传热问题。采用卡塔尼奥-克里斯托夫热流模型来建立能量方程。该模型能够预测热松弛时间对边界层的影响。利用相似性方法对控制边界层方程进行归一化。通过打靶法结合四阶-五阶龙格-库塔积分技术和牛顿法获得局部相似解。我们的计算结果表明，流体温度与热松弛时间呈反比关系。此外，流体速度是流体松弛时间的递减函数。还对傅里叶定律和卡塔尼奥-克里斯托夫定律进行了比较。目前的研究即使在牛顿流体的情况下在文献中也尚未出现。
