Atan Ali, Balcı Melih
Department of Urology, Karabük University Faculty of Medicine, Karabük, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Ministry of Health, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Turk J Urol. 2015 Mar;41(1):39-42. doi: 10.5152/tud.2015.82856.
The frequency of stone disease in childhood ranges between 0.1-5 percent. Stone disease occurs as a result of enviromental, metabolic, anatomical, infectious and nutritional factors. Percutaneous nephrolitotomy, uretherorenoscopy, laparoscopic surgery, open surgery and extracorporeal shock wave lithothripsy are treatment alternatives for stone disease during childhood. However, these methods are not completely innocent. Some complications may occur after these procedures. These procedures are generally not cost- effective. Even invasive procedures have high success rates, so medical expulsive treatment modalities have become an alternative for a group of patients. Nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs, antimuscarinic drugs, phospodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, steroids, calcium channel blockers and alpha blockers are treatment alterneatives used for this modality in the literature. The drug is chosen according to the location, size, and composition of the stone, recent technology, cost, surgeon's experience and surgeon's and the parents' preferences. In this review article the following topics will be discussed such as "Why medical expulsive treatment is needed during childhood? Which drug should be chosen for which stone type? How long should a treatment of urolithiasis last?
儿童结石病的发病率在0.1%至5%之间。结石病是由环境、代谢、解剖、感染和营养因素引起的。经皮肾镜取石术、输尿管肾镜检查、腹腔镜手术、开放手术和体外冲击波碎石术是儿童结石病的治疗选择。然而，这些方法并非完全没有风险。这些手术之后可能会出现一些并发症。这些手术通常不具有成本效益。即使侵入性手术成功率很高，但药物排石治疗方式已成为一部分患者的选择。非甾体抗炎药、抗毒蕈碱药物、5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂、类固醇、钙通道阻滞剂和α受体阻滞剂是文献中用于这种治疗方式的选择。药物根据结石的位置、大小、成分、最新技术、成本、外科医生的经验以及外科医生和家长的偏好来选择。在这篇综述文章中，将讨论以下主题，如“儿童期为何需要药物排石治疗？哪种结石类型应选择哪种药物？尿路结石治疗应持续多长时间？”
