Kioupi Vasiliki, Florou Heleny, Kapsanaki-Gotsi Evangelia, Gonou-Zagou Zacharoula
Department of Ecology & Systematics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli, 15784, Athens, Greece.
Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi, 15310, Athens, Greece.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jan;23(1):613-24. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5298-5. Epub 2015 Sep 2.
The bioaccumulation of artificial Cs-137 and natural radionuclides Th-234, Ra-226, and K-40 by Basidiomycetes of several species is studied and evaluated in relation to their substratum soils. For this reason, 32 fungal samples, representing 30 species of Basidiomycetes, were collected along with their substratum soil samples, from six selected sampling areas in Greece. The fungal fruit bodies and the soil samples were properly treated and the activity concentrations of the studied radionuclides were measured by gamma spectroscopy. The measured radioactivity levels ranged as follows: Cs-137 from <0.1 to 87.2 ± 0.4 Bq kg(-1) fresh weight (F.W.), Th-234 from <0.5 ± 0.9 to 28.3 ± 25.5 Bq kg(-1) F.W., Ra-226 from <0.3 to 1.0 ± 0.5 Bq kg(-1) F.W., and K-40 from 56.4 ± 3.0 to 759.0 ± 28.3 Bq kg(-1) F.W. The analysis of the results supported that the bioaccumulation of the studied natural radionuclides and Cs-137 is dependent on the species and the functional group of the fungi. Fungi were found to accumulate Th-234 and not U-238. What is more, potential bioindicators for each radionuclide among the 32 species studied could be suggested for each habitat, based on their estimated concentration ratios (CRs). The calculation of the CRs' mean values for each radionuclide revealed a rank in decreasing order for all the species studied.
研究并评估了几种担子菌对人工放射性核素铯 - 137以及天然放射性核素钍 - 234、镭 - 226和钾 - 40的生物累积情况，并将其与它们的基质土壤相关联。为此，从希腊六个选定的采样区域收集了32个真菌样本（代表30种担子菌）及其基质土壤样本。对真菌子实体和土壤样本进行了适当处理，并通过伽马能谱法测量了所研究放射性核素的活度浓度。测量的放射性水平范围如下：铯 - 137从小于0.1至87.2±0.4贝克勒尔每千克鲜重（F.W.），钍 - 234从小于0.5±0.9至28.3±25.5贝克勒尔每千克F.W.，镭 - 226从小于0.3至1.0±0.5贝克勒尔每千克F.W.，钾 - 40从56.4±3.0至759.0±28.3贝克勒尔每千克F.W.。结果分析表明，所研究的天然放射性核素和铯 - 137的生物累积取决于真菌的种类和功能组。发现真菌会累积钍 - 234而不累积铀 - 238。此外，根据所研究的32种真菌中每种放射性核素的估计浓度比（CRs），可以为每个栖息地提出潜在的生物指示物。计算每种放射性核素的CRs平均值显示，在所研究的所有物种中，其顺序呈递减排列。
