Das Amit, Sallat Aladdin, Böhme Frank, Suckow Marcus, Basu Debdipta, Wiessner Sven, Stöckelhuber Klaus Werner, Voit Brigitte, Heinrich Gert
Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
Tampere University of Technology , Fi-33101, Tampere, Finland.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015 Sep 23;7(37):20623-30. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b05041. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
Invented by Charles Goodyear, chemical cross-linking of rubbers by sulfur vulcanization is the only method by which modern automobile tires are manufactured. The formation of these cross-linked network structures leads to highly elastic properties, which substantially reduces the viscous properties of these materials. Here, we describe a simple approach to converting commercially available and widely used bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) into a highly elastic material with extraordinary self-healing properties without using conventional cross-linking or vulcanising agents. Transformation of the bromine functionalities of BIIR into ionic imidazolium bromide groups results in the formation of reversible ionic associates that exhibit physical cross-linking ability. The reversibility of the ionic association facilitates the healing processes by temperature- or stress-induced rearrangements, thereby enabling a fully cut sample to retain its original properties after application of the self-healing process. Other mechanical properties, such as the elastic modulus, tensile strength, ductility, and hysteresis loss, were found to be superior to those of conventionally sulfur-cured BIIR. This simple and easy approach to preparing a commercial rubber with self-healing properties offers unique development opportunities in the field of highly engineered materials, such as tires, for which safety, performance, and longer fatigue life are crucial factors.
橡胶通过硫磺硫化进行化学交联是由查尔斯·古德伊尔发明的，也是现代汽车轮胎制造的唯一方法。这些交联网络结构的形成导致了高弹性性能，从而大大降低了这些材料的粘性。在此，我们描述了一种简单的方法，无需使用传统的交联或硫化剂，就能将市售且广泛使用的溴化丁基橡胶（BIIR）转化为具有非凡自愈性能的高弹性材料。将BIIR的溴官能团转化为离子型溴化咪唑鎓基团会导致形成具有物理交联能力的可逆离子缔合体。离子缔合的可逆性通过温度或应力诱导的重排促进了愈合过程，从而使完全切断的样品在经过自愈过程后能够保持其原始性能。发现其他机械性能，如弹性模量、拉伸强度、延展性和滞后损耗，均优于传统硫磺硫化的BIIR。这种制备具有自愈性能的商用橡胶的简单易行方法，在轮胎等高工程材料领域提供了独特的发展机遇，对于这些材料而言，安全性、性能和更长的疲劳寿命是关键因素。
