Roldán Samuel I, Restrepo Luis G, Isaza Juan F, Vélez Luz G, Buschang Peter H
a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, CES University, Grupo de Investigación en Bioingeniería GIB, CES-EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia.
b Instructor, Department of Orthodontics, CES University, Grupo de Investigación en Bioingeniería GIB, CES-EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia.
Angle Orthod. 2016 May;86(3):456-61. doi: 10.2319/051315-323.1. Epub 2015 Sep 8.
To determine the effects of occlusion on maximum bite force of growing subjects.
Incisor and first molar bite force of children and adolescents was evaluated. Four cohorts were measured annually for 3 years, starting at approximately 7, 9, 12, and 15 years of age, respectively. The initial sample included 182 females and 198 males; there were 130 subjects with normal occlusion, 111 with Class I malocclusion, and 139 with Class II malocclusion. Multilevel analyses were performed to model the growth changes and compare groups.
Maximum bite force increased significantly (P < .05) over time. Incisal forces peaked at 14.3 and 15.3 years of age for females and males, respectively. Maximum molar bite force peaked at 16 years for both males and females. Subjects with normal occlusion had significantly higher bite force than subjects with malocclusion. Maximum molar bite force exhibited a significant testing effect, with forces increasing 2.6 kg each year that the tests were repeated.
Malocclusion has a detrimental effect on bite force. Changes in maximum bite force are also due to age, sex, and repeated testing.
确定咬合对生长发育期受试者最大咬合力的影响。
评估儿童和青少年的切牙和第一磨牙咬合力。分别从大约7岁、9岁、12岁和15岁开始，对四个队列进行为期3年的年度测量。初始样本包括182名女性和198名男性；其中130名受试者咬合正常，111名患有I类错牙合，139名患有II类错牙合。进行多水平分析以模拟生长变化并比较各组。
最大咬合力随时间显著增加（P <.05）。女性和男性的切牙咬合力分别在14.3岁和15.3岁时达到峰值。男性和女性的最大磨牙咬合力均在16岁时达到峰值。咬合正常的受试者咬合力明显高于错牙合受试者。最大磨牙咬合力呈现出显著的测试效应，每次重复测试时咬合力每年增加2.6千克。
错牙合对咬合力有不利影响。最大咬合力的变化还与年龄、性别和重复测试有关。
