McGil Ugwu G I
Department of Pediatrics, Delta State University Teaching Hospital, PMB O7, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2015 Sep;26(5):1064-9. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.164618.
A three-year retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence, pattern of presentation and other clinical and biochemical features as well as outcome of treatment of patients admitted with acute glomerulonephritis at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara and GN Children's Clinic, Warri. The case notes of all the children who presented with renal diseases from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrieved and those with acute glomerulonephritis were analyzed. A total of 20 patients (13 male and seven female) with acute glomerulonephritis were seen during the three-year period under review. Twelve patients (60%) were from the low socioeconomic class, six (30%) from the middle class and only two (10%) were from the high-income group. The presentation of the illness was most common between October and January. The age range of the patients was three to 13 years, with an average age of eight years. Seventeen (85%) of the patients were in the school-going age group (>5 years to 10 years). The most common symptom/sign noted was anemia in 90% of the patients, followed by oliguria/anuria and edema seen in 80% of the patients. Seventy percent of the patients had cola-colored urine, while 55% had hypertension. Some patients gave a history suggestive of previous streptococcal infection. More patients had sore throat (25%) than skin infection (10%). All the patients had proteinuria, while 90% had hematuria. The most common complication was acute kidney injury, seen in eight (40%) of the patients, followed by hypertensive encephalopathy, which occurred in three (15%) patients. Most patients (60%) were hospitalized for one to two weeks. The outcome of the management of these patients showed 14 (70%) of the patients recovered fully while three (15%) had persistent hematuria and two (10%) had persistent proteinuria. Ninety-five percent of the patients recovered from the acute illness and one patient (5%), a boy aged nine years old, died.
在奥加拉的三角州大学教学医院和瓦里的肾小球肾炎儿童诊所，开展了一项为期三年的回顾性研究，以确定急性肾小球肾炎患者的发病率、临床表现模式以及其他临床和生化特征，以及治疗结果。检索了2010年1月至2012年12月期间所有患有肾脏疾病儿童的病历，并对其中患有急性肾小球肾炎的儿童进行了分析。在本回顾性研究的三年期间，共诊治了20例急性肾小球肾炎患者（13例男性，7例女性）。12例患者（60%）来自社会经济地位较低的阶层，6例（30%）来自中层阶级，只有2例（10%）来自高收入群体。发病最常见于10月至次年1月。患者年龄范围为3至13岁，平均年龄为8岁。17例（85%）患者处于上学年龄组（>5岁至10岁）。最常见的症状/体征是90%的患者有贫血，其次是80%的患者出现少尿/无尿和水肿。70%的患者尿液呈可乐色，55%的患者有高血压。一些患者有提示既往链球菌感染的病史。有咽痛的患者（25%）多于皮肤感染的患者（10%）。所有患者均有蛋白尿，90%的患者有血尿。最常见的并发症是急性肾损伤，8例（40%）患者出现，其次是高血压脑病，3例（15%）患者发生。大多数患者（60%）住院1至2周。这些患者的治疗结果显示，14例（70%）患者完全康复，3例（15%）患者持续有血尿，2例（10%）患者持续有蛋白尿。95%的患者从急性疾病中康复，1例患者（5%），一名9岁男孩死亡。
