Gong T Q
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 1989 Dec;12(6):336-7, 380-1.
Tuberculosis of the breast is a rare malady. The clinician may confuse tuberculosis of the breast with either carcinoma or breast abscess. In the past 30 years at the First Teaching Hospital attached to Xi'an Medical University, only 23 patients reported herein had documented tuberculosis of the breast. Tuberculosis of the breast is a disease of younger women between 20 and 40 years of age. Mammary tuberculosis may be primary or secondary. There are three recognized modes of spread of the tubercle bacillus to the breast: hematogenous, lymphatic spread, and direct extension. There are three recognized types of mammary tuberculosis: nodular, diffuse, and sclerosing type. The diagnosis of mammary tuberculosis is difficult. The most reliable diagnostic studies include bacteriologic cultures of aspirate, histologic examination of tissue, and guinea pig inoculation. The differential diagnosis includes with carcinoma, acute or chronic mastitis with abscess. The treatment of tuberculous mastitis requires a combination of surgery and antituberculous drugs.
乳腺结核是一种罕见的疾病。临床医生可能会将乳腺结核与癌或乳腺脓肿相混淆。在西安医科大学第一附属医院过去30年里，本文报道的仅有23例确诊为乳腺结核的患者。乳腺结核是20至40岁年轻女性的疾病。乳腺结核可能是原发性的或继发性的。结核杆菌传播至乳腺有三种公认的途径：血行播散、淋巴扩散和直接蔓延。乳腺结核有三种公认的类型：结节型、弥漫型和硬化型。乳腺结核的诊断很困难。最可靠的诊断性检查包括抽吸物的细菌培养、组织的组织学检查和豚鼠接种。鉴别诊断包括与癌、伴有脓肿的急性或慢性乳腺炎相鉴别。结核性乳腺炎的治疗需要手术和抗结核药物联合应用。
