Bernegger Alexandra, Kienesberger Klemens, Carlberg Laura, Swoboda Patrick, Ludwig Birgit, Koller Romina, Kapusta Nestor D, Aigner Martin, Haslacher Helmuth, Schmöger Michaela, Kasper Siegfried, Schosser Alexandra
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 14;10(9):e0137763. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137763. eCollection 2015.
In the current study, we aimed to investigate the impact of childhood trauma on suicidal behaviour phenotypes in a group of patients with diagnosed affective disorder (unipolar or bipolar affective disorder).
Patients with and without a history of childhood abuse, measured by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), were assessed to explore risks for suicidal behaviour (including suicide attempt, self-harm and non-suicidal self-injury). The tested sample consisted of 258 patients (111 males and 147 females, in-patients and out-patients at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Tulln, Lower Austria). Psychiatric diagnoses were derived from the SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry) interview. In addition, patients were administered the Lifetime Parasuicidal Count (LPC), Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ-R), and Viennese Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (VISURIAS) questionnaires.
In contrast to male suicide attempters, female suicide attempters showed both significantly higher total CTQ scores (p<0.001), and higher CTQ subscores (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect) in comparison to the non-suicidal control group. Besides, females with a history of self-harming behaviour (including suicidal intention) and Non-Suicidal-Self Injury (NSSI) had significantly higher CTQ total scores (p<0.001) than the control group.
These findings suggest gender differences in suicidal behaviour after being exposed to childhood trauma.
在本研究中，我们旨在调查童年创伤对一组已确诊情感障碍（单相或双相情感障碍）患者自杀行为表型的影响。
通过儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）测量有或无童年虐待史的患者，评估其自杀行为风险（包括自杀未遂、自我伤害和非自杀性自伤）。测试样本包括258名患者（111名男性和147名女性，是维也纳医科大学精神病学与心理治疗系以及下奥地利州图尔恩大学医院的住院患者和门诊患者）。精神科诊断源自神经精神病学临床评估日程表（SCAN）访谈。此外，对患者进行终身准自杀计数（LPC）、自杀行为问卷（SBQ-R）和维也纳自杀风险评估量表（VISURIAS）问卷调查。
与男性自杀未遂者相比，女性自杀未遂者的CTQ总分显著更高（p<0.001），并且与非自杀对照组相比，其CTQ子分数（情感、身体和性虐待以及情感和身体忽视）也更高。此外，有自我伤害行为（包括自杀意图）和非自杀性自伤（NSSI）史的女性的CTQ总分显著高于对照组（p<0.001）。
这些发现表明童年创伤后自杀行为存在性别差异。
