Courteix Daniel, Valente-dos-Santos João, Ferry Béatrice, Lac Gérard, Lesourd Bruno, Chapier Robert, Naughton Geraldine, Marceau Geoffroy, João Coelho-e-Silva Manuel, Vinet Agnès, Walther Guillaume, Obert Philippe, Dutheil Frédéric
Clermont Auvergne University, Blaise Pascal University, Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise in Physiological and Pathological conditions (AME2P, EA3533), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Australian Catholic University, Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Research Centre in Human Nutrition (CRNH) Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lisbon, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Coimbra, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 16;10(9):e0136491. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136491. eCollection 2015.
Weight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, restrictive diets might induce bone loss. The nature of exercise and whether exercise with weight loss programs can protect against potential bone mass deficits remains unclear. Moreover, compliance is essential in intervention programs. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects that modality and exercise compliance have on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD).
We investigated 90 individuals with MetS who were recruited for the 1-year RESOLVE trial. Community-dwelling seniors with MetS were randomly assigned into three different modalities of exercise (intensive resistance, intensive endurance, moderate mixed) combined with a restrictive diet. They were compared to 44 healthy controls who did not undergo the intervention.
This intensive lifestyle intervention (15-20 hours of training/week + restrictive diet) resulted in weight loss, body composition changes and health improvements. Baseline BMC and BMD for total body, lumbar spine and femoral neck did not differ between MetS groups and between MetS and controls. Despite changes over time, BMC or BMD did not differ between the three modalities of exercise and when compared with the controls. However, independent of exercise modality, compliant participants increased their BMC and BMD compared with their less compliant peers. Decreases in total body lean mass and negative energy balance significantly and independently contributed to decreases in lumbar spine BMC.
After the one year intervention, differences relating to exercise modalities were not evident. However, compliance with an intensive exercise program resulted in a significantly higher bone mass during energy restriction than non-compliance. Exercise is therefore beneficial to bone in the context of a weight loss program.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00917917.
体重减轻是代谢综合征（MetS）等肥胖相关疾病中的一个公共卫生问题。然而，限制性饮食可能会导致骨质流失。运动的性质以及运动与减肥计划相结合是否能预防潜在的骨量不足仍不清楚。此外，依从性在干预计划中至关重要。因此，我们旨在研究运动方式和运动依从性对骨矿物质含量（BMC）和骨密度（BMD）的影响。
我们调查了90名因参加为期1年的RESOLVE试验而招募的患有MetS的个体。患有MetS的社区居住老年人被随机分配到三种不同的运动方式（高强度阻力运动、高强度耐力运动、中等强度混合运动）并结合限制性饮食。将他们与44名未接受干预的健康对照者进行比较。
这种强化生活方式干预（每周15 - 20小时训练 + 限制性饮食）导致体重减轻、身体成分改变和健康状况改善。MetS组之间以及MetS组与对照组之间，全身、腰椎和股骨颈的基线BMC和BMD没有差异。尽管随时间有所变化，但三种运动方式之间以及与对照组相比，BMC或BMD没有差异。然而，与运动方式无关，依从性好的参与者与依从性较差的同龄人相比，其BMC和BMD有所增加。全身瘦体重的减少和负能量平衡显著且独立地导致腰椎BMC的降低。
经过一年的干预，与运动方式相关的差异并不明显。然而，在能量限制期间，依从强化运动计划导致骨量显著高于不依从者。因此，在减肥计划中运动对骨骼有益。
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00917917 。
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