结直肠癌中TEAD4表达增加及核定位以不依赖YAP的方式促进上皮-间质转化和转移。

Increased TEAD4 expression and nuclear localization in colorectal cancer promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in a YAP-independent manner.

作者信息

Liu Y, Wang G, Yang Y, Mei Z, Liang Z, Cui A, Wu T, Liu C-Y, Cui L

机构信息

Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, China.

出版信息

Oncogene. 2016 May;35(21):2789-800. doi: 10.1038/onc.2015.342. Epub 2015 Sep 21.

Abstract

Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway occurs in a variety of cancers and often correlates with a poor prognosis. To further explore the potential role of Hippo pathway dysregulation in tumor development and progression, we investigated its downstream transcription factor TEAD4 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Increased expression and nuclear localization of TEAD4 were found in a significant portion of CRC tissues, in association with metastasis and a poor prognosis. In CRC cells, TEAD4 knockdown induced the mesenchymal-epithelial transition and decreased cell mobility in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Microarray analysis revealed that TEAD4 promoted cell adhesion and upregulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related transcriptome in CRC cells. Vimentin was identified as a new direct target gene mediating TEAD4 function in CRC cells, whereby forced vimentin expression markedly reversed TEAD4-knockdown-induced cell morphological changes and decreased mobility. Interestingly, rescued expression of both WT TEAD4 and a Y429H mutant can reverse the mesenchymal-epithelial transition and increase vimentin expression, cell mobility and metastatic potential in TEAD4-knockdown CRC cells. The discrepant expression of YAP and TEAD4 in CRC tissues, the rescue ability of TEAD4 mutant defect in YAP binding and no effect on vimentin expression by YAP knockdown in CRC cells, all implicated a YAP-independent manner of TEAD4 function in CRC. Furthermore, vimentin positively correlated and CDH1 reversely correlated with the level of TEAD4 in CRC tissues and xenograft tumors. Our results suggest that TEAD4 nuclear expression can serve as a biomarker for CRC progression and poor prognosis. The transcription factor TEAD4 regulates a pro-metastasis transcription program in a YAP-independent manner in CRC, thus providing a novel mechanism of TEAD4 transcriptional regulation and its oncogenic role in CRC, independently of the Hippo pathway.

摘要

Hippo信号通路失调在多种癌症中均有发生,且常与预后不良相关。为进一步探究Hippo信号通路失调在肿瘤发生发展中的潜在作用,我们对结直肠癌(CRC)中的下游转录因子TEAD4进行了研究。在相当一部分CRC组织中发现TEAD4表达增加且定位于细胞核,这与转移及预后不良相关。在CRC细胞中,敲低TEAD4可诱导间充质-上皮转化,并在体外降低细胞迁移能力、在体内减少转移。基因芯片分析显示,TEAD4可促进CRC细胞的黏附并上调上皮-间充质转化相关转录组。波形蛋白被鉴定为介导TEAD4在CRC细胞中功能的新直接靶基因,强制表达波形蛋白可显著逆转敲低TEAD4诱导的细胞形态变化并降低迁移能力。有趣的是,野生型TEAD4和Y429H突变体的挽救性表达均可逆转敲低TEAD4的CRC细胞中的间充质-上皮转化,并增加波形蛋白表达、细胞迁移能力及转移潜能。CRC组织中YAP和TEAD4的差异表达、TEAD4突变体在YAP结合方面的挽救能力缺陷以及敲低CRC细胞中的YAP对波形蛋白表达无影响,均提示TEAD在CRC中的功能以不依赖YAP的方式发挥作用。此外,波形蛋白在CRC组织和异种移植瘤中与TEAD4水平呈正相关,而E-钙黏蛋白呈负相关。我们的结果表明,TEAD4的核表达可作为CRC进展和预后不良的生物标志物。转录因子TEAD4在CRC中以不依赖YAP的方式调节促转移转录程序,从而提供了一种新的TEAD4转录调控机制及其在CRC中的致癌作用机制,且独立于Hippo信号通路。

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