Zündorf Ida C, Lewald Jörg, Karnath Hans-Otto
Center of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2016 Jan 1;124(Pt A):672-681. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.026. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
Analogous to the visual system, auditory information has been proposed to be processed in two largely segregated streams: an anteroventral ("what") pathway mainly subserving sound identification and a posterodorsal ("where") stream mainly subserving sound localization. Despite the popularity of this assumption, the degree of separation of spatial and non-spatial auditory information processing in cortex is still under discussion. In the present study, a statistical approach was implemented to investigate potential behavioral dissociations for spatial and non-spatial auditory processing in stroke patients, and voxel-wise lesion analyses were used to uncover their neural correlates. The results generally provided support for anatomically and functionally segregated auditory networks. However, some degree of anatomo-functional overlap between "what" and "where" aspects of processing was found in the superior pars opercularis of right inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area 44), suggesting the potential existence of a shared target area of both auditory streams in this region. Moreover, beyond the typically defined posterodorsal stream (i.e., posterior superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and superior frontal sulcus), occipital lesions were found to be associated with sound localization deficits. These results, indicating anatomically and functionally complex cortical networks for spatial and non-spatial auditory processing, are roughly consistent with the dual-pathway model of auditory processing in its original form, but argue for the need to refine and extend this widely accepted hypothesis.
与视觉系统类似，听觉信息被认为是在两条基本分离的通路中进行处理的：一条前腹侧（“什么”）通路主要负责声音识别，一条后背侧（“哪里”）通路主要负责声音定位。尽管这一假设很流行，但皮质中空间和非空间听觉信息处理的分离程度仍在讨论之中。在本研究中，采用一种统计方法来研究中风患者在空间和非空间听觉处理方面潜在的行为分离，并通过体素水平的损伤分析来揭示其神经关联。结果总体上为解剖学和功能上分离的听觉网络提供了支持。然而，在右下额叶回的上 opercular 部（布罗德曼区 44）发现了“什么”和“哪里”处理方面在一定程度上的解剖学 - 功能重叠，这表明该区域可能存在两条听觉通路的共享目标区域。此外，除了典型定义的后背侧通路（即后颞上回、顶下小叶和额上沟），还发现枕叶病变与声音定位缺陷有关。这些结果表明空间和非空间听觉处理的皮质网络在解剖学和功能上都很复杂，大致与听觉处理的双通道模型的原始形式一致，但也表明需要对这一广泛接受的假设进行完善和扩展。
