Transcriptional Networks and Neural Differentiation Group, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
Transcriptional Networks and Neural Differentiation Group, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université Paris Diderot, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2015 Aug;44:75-86. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.09.010. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
Over the past two decades, Pax proteins have received a lot of attention from researchers working on the generation and assembly of neural circuits during vertebrate development. Through tissue or cell based phenotypic analyses, or more recently using genome-wide approaches, they have highlighted the pleiotropic functions of Pax proteins during neurogenesis. This review discusses the wide range of molecular and cellular mechanisms by which these transcription factors control in time and space the number and identity of neurons produced during development. We first focus on the position of Pax proteins within gene regulatory networks that generate patterns of cellular differentiation within the central nervous system. Next, the architecture of Pax-linked regulatory loops that provide a tempo of differentiation to progenitor cells is presented. Finally, we examine the molecular foundations providing a "multitasking" property to Pax proteins. Amongst the Pax factors that are expressed within the developing nervous system, Pax6 is the most extensively studied and thus holds a dominant position in this article.
在过去的二十年中，Pax 蛋白受到了研究脊椎动物发育过程中神经回路生成和组装的研究人员的广泛关注。通过组织或细胞表型分析，或最近使用全基因组方法，它们突出了 Pax 蛋白在神经发生过程中的多功能性。这篇综述讨论了这些转录因子通过时间和空间控制发育过程中产生的神经元数量和特性的广泛的分子和细胞机制。我们首先关注 Pax 蛋白在中枢神经系统内产生细胞分化模式的基因调控网络中的位置。接下来，呈现了与祖细胞提供分化节奏的 Pax 相关调控环的结构。最后，我们研究了为 Pax 蛋白提供“多任务”特性的分子基础。在发育中的神经系统中表达的 Pax 因子中，Pax6 是研究最广泛的，因此在本文中占据主导地位。
