Bruno Thomas J, Allen Samuel
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305.
J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol. 2013 Jan 17;118:29-51. doi: 10.6028/jres.118.003. eCollection 2013.
One can take advantage of the striking similarity of ignitable liquid vaporization (or weathering) patterns and the separation observed during distillation to predict the composition of residual compounds in fire debris. This is done with the advanced distillation curve (ADC) metrology, which separates a complex fluid by distillation into fractions that are sampled, and for which thermodynamically consistent temperatures are measured at atmospheric pressure. The collected sample fractions can be analyzed by any method that is appropriate. Analytical methods we have applied include gas chromatography (with flame ionization, mass spectrometric and sulfur chemiluminescence detection), thin layer chromatography, FTIR, Karl Fischer coulombic titrimetry, refractometry, corrosivity analysis, neutron activation analysis and cold neutron prompt gamma activation analysis. We have applied this method on product streams such as finished fuels (gasoline, diesel fuels, aviation fuels, rocket propellants), crude oils (including a crude oil made from swine manure) and waste oils streams (used automotive and transformer oils). In this paper, we present results on a variety of ignitable liquids that are not commodity fuels, chosen from the Ignitable Liquids Reference Collection (ILRC). These measurements are assembled into a preliminary database. From this selection, we discuss the significance and forensic application of the temperature data grid and the composition explicit data channel of the ADC.
人们可以利用可燃液体蒸发（或风化）模式与蒸馏过程中观察到的分离现象之间的显著相似性，来预测火灾残骸中残留化合物的成分。这是通过先进蒸馏曲线（ADC）计量法实现的，该方法通过蒸馏将复杂流体分离成多个馏分，对这些馏分进行采样，并在大气压下测量热力学一致的温度。收集到的样品馏分可以用任何合适的方法进行分析。我们应用的分析方法包括气相色谱法（配有火焰离子化、质谱和硫化学发光检测）、薄层色谱法、傅里叶变换红外光谱法、卡尔费休库仑滴定法、折射法、腐蚀性分析、中子活化分析和冷中子瞬发伽马活化分析。我们已将此方法应用于成品燃料（汽油、柴油、航空燃料、火箭推进剂）、原油（包括由猪粪制成的原油）和废油流（用过的汽车油和变压器油）等产品流。在本文中，我们展示了从可燃液体参考库（ILRC）中选取的各种非商品燃料可燃液体的结果。这些测量结果被汇编成一个初步数据库。从这个选集中，我们讨论了ADC温度数据网格和成分明确数据通道的意义及法医应用。
