Cinciripini P M, Benedict C E, Van Vunakis H, Mace R, Lapitsky L, Kitchens K, Nezami E, Gjika H B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
Biol Psychol. 1989 Dec;29(3):273-89. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(89)90023-9.
Following a period of overnight deprivation, 58 smokers participated in a 90-min laboratory assessment in which they viewed a non-stressful movie and smoked two 0.5-mg nicotine-containing cigarettes. The first cigarette was given to all subjects following 25 min of adaptation and baseline. The next cigarette was provided at their request, which occurred 9-12 min later. "Heavy" and "light" smokers were grouped according to their average morning cotinine values, which fell above or below 250 ng/ml, respectively. The results showed that, relative to their baseline, heavy and light smokers experienced about the same level of post-smoking change in blood nicotine, heart rate and blood pressure. However, heavy smokers showed a significantly greater delta from baseline in post-smoking measures of epinephrine, norepinephrine, tension reduction and increase in vigor enhancement. A strong and consistent correlation was observed between post-smoking increases in epinephrine, tension reduction and increased vigor.
经过一夜的剥夺期后，58名吸烟者参加了一项90分钟的实验室评估，在评估中他们观看了一部无压力的电影，并吸了两支含0.5毫克尼古丁的香烟。在适应和基线期25分钟后，给所有受试者第一支香烟。下一支香烟根据他们的要求在9至12分钟后提供。“重度”和“轻度”吸烟者根据他们早晨可替宁的平均水平分组，分别高于或低于250纳克/毫升。结果显示，相对于基线水平，重度和轻度吸烟者在吸烟后血液尼古丁、心率和血压的变化水平大致相同。然而，重度吸烟者在吸烟后肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、紧张感减轻和活力增强方面与基线相比有显著更大的变化量。在吸烟后肾上腺素增加、紧张感减轻和活力增强之间观察到强烈且一致的相关性。
