伊朗萨南达杰中东沙尘暴期间PM10浓度及成分的测定

Determination of the Concentration and Composition of PM10 during the Middle Eastern Dust Storms in Sanandaj, Iran.

作者信息

Hosseini Gilas, Teymouri Pari, Shahmoradi Behzad, Maleki Afshin

机构信息

Environmental Health Research Center and Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

出版信息

J Res Health Sci. 2015 Summer;15(3):182-8.

PMID:26411665

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The present study investigated the effect of the Middle East dust storm episodes on the concentration and composition of PM10 during April to September 2013 in Sanandaj City, western Iran.

METHODS

Sampling was once every six days, and on dusty days using an Omni air sampler. The PM10 sample was collected on polytetrafluoroethylene filters. Average of 24 h values of PM10 mass concentrations was determined. Half of each sample filter and blank filter was analyzed for water -soluble ions and the other half was digested for metal analysis.

RESULTS

The average PM10 concentration was 160.63 μg/m3. The lowest and highest concentrations of PM10 were in May and June respectively. The average PM10 concentration during the non-dusty days was 96.88 (μg /m3). Nevertheless, it increased by 4.8 times during the dusty days. Ca2+, Cl-, NO3-, and Na+ accounted for 71% of total water-soluble ions on the dusty days. During the dusty days, the dominant elements in PM10 were Na, Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe contributing to 95.72% of total measured metals. The correlation coefficient and enrichment factor analysis have shown that on dusty days, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Sr, and V were the elements with the crustal sources.

CONCLUSIONS

Concentrations of PM10 during dusty days were considerably higher than that during non-dusty days. In addition, concentrations of water-soluble ions and metals were also higher during dusty days.

摘要

背景

本研究调查了2013年4月至9月期间中东沙尘暴事件对伊朗西部Sanandaj市PM10浓度及成分的影响。

方法

每六天采样一次，在沙尘天气使用全空气采样器。PM10样本采集在聚四氟乙烯滤膜上。测定PM10质量浓度的24小时平均值。每个样本滤膜和空白滤膜的一半用于分析水溶性离子，另一半进行消解用于金属分析。

结果

PM10平均浓度为160.63μg/m³。PM10浓度最低值和最高值分别出现在5月和6月。非沙尘天气期间PM10平均浓度为96.88（μg/m³）。然而，在沙尘天气期间其增加了4.8倍。沙尘天气期间，Ca²⁺、Cl⁻、NO₃⁻和Na⁺占水溶性离子总量的71%。在沙尘天气期间，PM10中的主要元素为Na、Ca、Mg、Al和Fe，占所测金属总量的95.72%。相关系数和富集因子分析表明，在沙尘天气期间，Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Na、Sr和V是来自地壳源的元素。