Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Surrey, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK.
Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Surrey, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2015 Dec;41(10):893-903. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.09.004. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
Immunotherapy represents a major breakthrough in cancer therapy in recent years. Immune-checkpoint blockade using PD-1 and PD-L1 antibodies appears to be one of the most promising immunotherapy approaches. Immunotherapy differs from conventional cancer treatment because of its ability to produce durable responses in some patients. In this review article, we explore the available evidence and summarise current clinical trials for PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in gastrointestinal malignancies. The challenge now is to develop strategies to increase the efficacy of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in gastrointestinal cancer patients, such as combination therapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other immunotherapy, along with validating biomarkers to select patients and personalise treatment.
免疫疗法代表了近年来癌症治疗的重大突破。使用 PD-1 和 PD-L1 抗体的免疫检查点阻断似乎是最有前途的免疫治疗方法之一。免疫疗法与传统癌症治疗不同，因为它能够在一些患者中产生持久的反应。在这篇综述文章中，我们探讨了胃肠道恶性肿瘤中 PD-1 和 PD-L1 阻断的现有证据，并总结了目前的临床试验。现在的挑战是开发策略来提高胃肠道癌症患者 PD-1 和 PD-L1 阻断的疗效，例如联合化疗、放疗或其他免疫疗法进行联合治疗，并验证生物标志物来选择患者和进行个体化治疗。
