McAdams Carrie J, Lohrenz Terry, Montague P Read
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas.
Psychiatry, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2015 Dec;36(12):5207-19. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23005. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
In anorexia nervosa, problems with social relationships contribute to illness, and improvements in social support are associated with recovery. Using the multiround trust game and 3T MRI, we compare neural responses in a social relationship in three groups of women: women with anorexia nervosa, women in long-term weight recovery from anorexia nervosa, and healthy comparison women. Surrogate markers related to social signals in the game were computed each round to assess whether the relationship was improving (benevolence) or deteriorating (malevolence) for each subject. Compared with healthy women, neural responses to benevolence were diminished in the precuneus and right angular gyrus in both currently-ill and weight-recovered subjects with anorexia, but neural responses to malevolence differed in the left fusiform only in currently-ill subjects. Next, using a whole-brain regression, we identified an office assessment, the positive personalizing bias, that was inversely correlated with neural activity in the occipital lobe, the precuneus and posterior cingulate, the bilateral temporoparietal junctions, and dorsal anterior cingulate, during benevolence for all groups of subjects. The positive personalizing bias is a self-report measure that assesses the degree with which a person attributes positive experiences to other people. These data suggest that problems in perceiving kindness may be a consistent trait related to the development of anorexia nervosa, whereas recognizing malevolence may be related to recovery. Future work on social brain function, in both healthy and psychiatric populations, should consider positive personalizing biases as a possible marker of neural differences related to kindness perception.
在神经性厌食症中，社会关系问题会导致病情加重，而社会支持的改善与康复相关。我们使用多轮信任博弈和3T磁共振成像（MRI），比较了三组女性在社会关系中的神经反应：神经性厌食症女性、从神经性厌食症中实现长期体重恢复的女性以及健康对照女性。每一轮博弈中都会计算与社会信号相关的替代指标，以评估每个受试者的关系是在改善（善意）还是在恶化（恶意）。与健康女性相比，目前患病和体重已恢复的神经性厌食症受试者在楔前叶和右侧角回中对善意的神经反应减弱，但仅在目前患病的受试者中，左侧梭状回对恶意的神经反应有所不同。接下来，我们通过全脑回归分析，确定了一种办公室评估方法，即积极个性化偏差，它与所有受试者组在善意状态下枕叶、楔前叶和后扣带回、双侧颞顶联合区以及背侧前扣带回的神经活动呈负相关。积极个性化偏差是一种自我报告测量方法，用于评估一个人将积极经历归因于他人的程度。这些数据表明，感知善意方面的问题可能是与神经性厌食症发展相关的一个持续特征，而识别恶意可能与康复有关。未来针对健康人群和精神疾病人群的社会脑功能研究，应将积极个性化偏差视为与善意感知相关的神经差异的一个可能标志。
