Jette Shannon, Roberts Erica Blue
Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, USA.
Department of Behavioural and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, USA.
Sociol Health Illn. 2016 Mar;38(3):396-410. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12349. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
In this article, we utilise qualitative research techniques to explore how 14 urban American Indian (AI) females (aged 11-17) living in the state of Maryland discursively construct and experience health and the body, as well as how/if traditional culture shapes their understandings. In doing so, we address a significant gap in the knowledge base concerning the health beliefs of urban AI youth, and build upon research utilising a decolonising approach. Using a two-step process of thematic analysis and poststructuralist discourse analysis, we arrived at three key findings: (1) while youths are taught (and learn) mainstream lessons about health and bodily norms (mostly at school), they negotiate these lessons in complex and at times contradictory ways; (2) they do not view their AI status as conferring more or less risk upon them or their community; and (3) AI identity appears to be fluid in nature, becoming more salient, even a resource, in certain situations. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of spaces within the urban context in shaping youths' embodied subjectivities, and in particular, contrast the space of the school with that of the urban AI community centre.
在本文中,我们运用定性研究方法,探讨了居住在马里兰州的14名美国印第安(AI)城市女性(年龄在11至17岁之间)如何通过话语构建并体验健康与身体,以及传统文化如何塑造她们的理解(若有塑造的话)。在此过程中,我们填补了城市AI青少年健康观念知识库中的重大空白,并在运用去殖民化方法的研究基础上进行拓展。通过主题分析和后结构主义话语分析的两步过程,我们得出了三个关键发现:(1)尽管青少年学习(并学到了)关于健康和身体规范的主流知识(大多是在学校),但他们以复杂且有时相互矛盾的方式对这些知识进行协商;(2)他们并不认为自己的AI身份会给他们或其社区带来或多或少的风险;(3)AI身份在本质上似乎是流动的,在某些情况下会变得更加突出,甚至成为一种资源。我们最后讨论了城市环境中的空间在塑造青少年具身主体性方面的重要性,特别是将学校空间与城市AI社区中心的空间进行了对比。