Paquet A, Olliac B, Golse B, Vaivre-Douret L
a Department of Psychology , University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
c INSERM, UMR1178 , University of Paris-Sud and Paris Descartes , Paris , France.
Child Neuropsychol. 2016;22(7):763-94. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2015.1085501. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
Motor symptomatology in autism is currently poorly understood, and still not included in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnostic criteria, although some studies suggest the presence of motor disturbances in this syndrome. We provide here a literature review on early motor symptoms in autism, focusing on studies on psychomotor issues (tone, postural control, manual dexterity, handedness, praxis). The approach adopted in research to study altered motor behaviors is generally global and there is no detailed semiology of the motor or neuromotor disorders observed in people with ASD. This global approach does not enable understanding of the neuro-developmental mechanisms involved in ASD. Identification of clinical neuro-psychomotor profiles in reference to a standard would help to better understand the origin and the nature of the disorders encountered in ASD, and would thus give new directions for treatment.
目前，人们对自闭症中的运动症状学了解甚少，尽管一些研究表明该综合征存在运动障碍，但仍未纳入自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的诊断标准。我们在此提供一篇关于自闭症早期运动症状的文献综述，重点关注心理运动问题（肌张力、姿势控制、手部灵活性、利手、运用能力）的研究。研究中用于研究运动行为改变的方法通常较为笼统，对于自闭症患者所观察到的运动或神经运动障碍，没有详细的症状学描述。这种笼统的方法无法让我们理解ASD中涉及的神经发育机制。参照标准来识别临床神经心理运动特征，将有助于更好地理解ASD中所遇到障碍的起源和性质，从而为治疗提供新的方向。
