Mayfield Jody, Blednov Yuri A, Harris R Adron
Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2015;123:279-313. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2015.05.016. Epub 2015 Jun 22.
G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are widely expressed throughout the brain and mediate the inhibitory effects of many neurotransmitters. As a result, these channels are important for normal CNS function and have also been implicated in Down syndrome, Parkinson's disease, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, and drug addiction. Knockout mouse models have provided extensive insight into the significance of GIRK channels under these conditions. This review examines the behavioral and genetic evidence from animal models and genetic association studies in humans linking GIRK channels with CNS disorders. We further explore the possibility that subunit-selective modulators and other advanced research tools will be instrumental in establishing the role of individual GIRK subunits in drug addiction and other relevant CNS diseases and in potentially advancing treatment options for these disorders.
G蛋白偶联内向整流钾通道(GIRK通道)在全脑广泛表达,并介导多种神经递质的抑制作用。因此,这些通道对中枢神经系统的正常功能很重要,并且与唐氏综合征、帕金森病、精神疾病、癫痫和药物成瘾也有关联。基因敲除小鼠模型为深入了解这些情况下GIRK通道的重要性提供了广泛的见解。这篇综述考察了来自动物模型的行为和遗传学证据以及人类遗传学关联研究,这些研究将GIRK通道与中枢神经系统疾病联系起来。我们进一步探讨了亚基选择性调节剂和其他先进研究工具在确定单个GIRK亚基在药物成瘾和其他相关中枢神经系统疾病中的作用以及在潜在推进这些疾病的治疗选择方面发挥作用的可能性。