Fomsgaard Anders
Virus R&D Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, 5 Artillerivej, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark.
Infectious Disease Research Unit, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1348:351-7. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2999-3_30.
Therapeutic vaccines aim to control chronic HIV infection and eliminate the need for lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therapeutic HIV vaccine is being pursued as part of a functional cure for HIV/AIDS. We have outlined a basic protocol for inducing new T cell immunity during chronic HIV-1 infection directed to subdominant conserved HIV-1 epitopes restricted to frequent HLA supertypes. The rationale for selecting HIV peptides and adjuvants are provided. Peptide subunit vaccines are regarded as safe due to the simplicity, quality, purity, and low toxicity. The caveat is reduced immunogenicity and hence adjuvants are included to enhance and direct the immune response. Although the vaccine has been tested in ART naïve individuals, we recommend future testing of the vaccine during (early started) ART that improves immune function and to select individuals likely to benefit. Peptides representing other epitopes may be used.
治疗性疫苗旨在控制慢性HIV感染，并消除终身抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的必要性。治疗性HIV疫苗正作为HIV/AIDS功能性治愈方案的一部分而被研究。我们概述了一种基本方案，用于在慢性HIV-1感染期间诱导针对主要保守HIV-1表位的新T细胞免疫，这些表位限于常见的HLA超型。文中提供了选择HIV肽和佐剂的基本原理。肽亚单位疫苗因其简单性、质量、纯度和低毒性而被认为是安全的。但问题在于其免疫原性降低，因此需要加入佐剂来增强和引导免疫反应。尽管该疫苗已在未接受ART治疗的个体中进行了测试，但我们建议未来在（早期开始的）ART期间对该疫苗进行测试，这有助于改善免疫功能，并选择可能受益的个体。也可以使用代表其他表位的肽。
