Department of Pediatrics (R.J.S., N.D.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Psychiatry (C.B.C., P.N., K.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham Sparks Center, Birmingham, AL; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (P.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
J Addict Med. 2015 Nov-Dec;9(6):478-84. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000165.
Adolescent mothers have differing risks and responsibilities compared to adolescent women without children that may impact substance use treatment. This study sought to describe characteristics of adolescent women in a substance use treatment program and determine the effect of adolescent motherhood on treatment program outcomes.
Data were collected from standardized interviews of female adolescents in a case management criminal justice diversion program for substance-using adolescents and adults. Variables included sociodemographic factors (ie, race/ethnicity, age, financial support, education, insurance, marital status, sexual abuse), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) substance use disorder diagnoses, and motherhood (ie, childbirth and residence with a child). Treatment program outcome was documented by case workers at the end of the participants' time in the program. Chi-square analyses and analysis of variances determined associations between variables. Logistic regression was used to assess characteristics associated with negative treatment program outcome.
Data from 1080 adolescent women aged 16-21 years (mean 19.7 years, SD = 1.16) were analyzed; 403 (37%) were mothers. After controlling for sociodemographic factors and substance use disorder diagnoses, adolescent mothers were less likely to successfully complete the treatment program than nonmothers. Adolescent women with reliance on family or friends for financial support, lower education status, and cannabis and cocaine use disorders had worse treatment program outcomes.
Childbirth and parenting adversely affect substance use treatment outcomes for adolescent women in the criminal justice system. Future research should explore tailored substance use treatments for adolescents with children. Job training and educational support may improve outcomes.
与没有孩子的青少年女性相比，青少年母亲面临着不同的风险和责任，这可能会影响物质使用治疗。本研究旨在描述参与物质使用治疗计划的青少年女性的特征，并确定青少年母亲身份对治疗计划结果的影响。
从接受物质使用的青少年和成年人的案例管理刑事司法转移计划中对女性青少年进行的标准化访谈中收集数据。变量包括社会人口统计学因素（即种族/民族、年龄、经济支持、教育、保险、婚姻状况、性虐待）、《精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版》（DSM-IV）物质使用障碍诊断以及母亲身份（即分娩和与孩子同住）。在参与者完成计划的时间，由案件工作人员记录治疗计划的结果。卡方分析和方差分析确定了变量之间的关联。逻辑回归用于评估与负面治疗计划结果相关的特征。
分析了 1080 名年龄在 16-21 岁的青少年女性（平均年龄 19.7 岁，标准差=1.16）的数据；其中 403 名（37%）是母亲。在控制了社会人口统计学因素和物质使用障碍诊断后，与非母亲相比，青少年母亲成功完成治疗计划的可能性较小。依赖家庭或朋友获得经济支持、教育程度较低以及患有大麻和可卡因使用障碍的青少年女性治疗计划结果更差。
分娩和育儿会对刑事司法系统中的青少年女性的物质使用治疗结果产生不利影响。未来的研究应该探索针对有孩子的青少年的量身定制的物质使用治疗方法。职业培训和教育支持可能会改善结果。
