Sims M E, Rangasamy R, Lee S, Chung H, Cohen J, Walther F J
Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles County-USC Medical Center.
Am J Perinatol. 1989 Jan;6(1):72-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999549.
Expedient weaning of infants from the respirator minimizes the risk of complications associated with assisted ventilation. Since theophylline and caffeine decrease apnea and enhance respiratory effort, we conducted a blinded, randomized comparative evaluation of each drug to determine extubation time and incidence of reintubation. Forty-five clinically stable premature infants receiving mechanical ventilation on minimal settings randomly were assigned to receive either theophylline (n = 23) or caffeine (n = 22) at least 1 day before and 5 days after extubation. From study entry to extubation, the mean number of days was 2.7 for both theophylline- and caffeine-treated infants. Three theophylline- and three caffeine-treated infants developed respiratory failure necessitating reintubation (NS). These findings indicate that for premature infants on minimal respiratory settings, the duration of intubation and the incidence of reintubation after treatment with theophylline or caffeine were similar.
使婴儿迅速脱离呼吸机可将与辅助通气相关的并发症风险降至最低。由于茶碱和咖啡因可减少呼吸暂停并增强呼吸功能，我们对每种药物进行了一项双盲、随机对照评估，以确定拔管时间和再次插管的发生率。45名在最低设置下接受机械通气的临床稳定的早产儿在拔管前至少1天和拔管后5天被随机分配接受茶碱（n = 23）或咖啡因（n = 22）治疗。从研究开始到拔管，接受茶碱和咖啡因治疗的婴儿平均天数均为2.7天。3名接受茶碱治疗和3名接受咖啡因治疗的婴儿出现呼吸衰竭，需要再次插管（无显著性差异）。这些结果表明，对于使用最低呼吸设置的早产儿，使用茶碱或咖啡因治疗后的插管持续时间和再次插管发生率相似。
