视网膜小胶质细胞的衰老变化及其与年龄相关性视网膜疾病的关系
Aging Changes in Retinal Microglia and their Relevance to Age-related Retinal Disease.
作者信息
Ma Wenxin, Wong Wai T
机构信息
Unit on Neuron-Glia Interactions in Retinal Diseases, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, 6/125, 20892, Bethesda, MD, USA.
出版信息
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;854:73-8. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_11.
Abstract
Age-related retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma, contain features of chronic retinal inflammation that may promote disease progression. However, the relationship between aging and neuroinflammation is unclear. Microglia are long-lived, resident immune cells of the retina, and mediate local neuroinflammatory reactions. We hypothesize that aging changes in microglia may be causally linked to neuroinflammatory changes underlying age-dependent retinal diseases. Here, we review the evidence for (1) how the retinal microglial phenotype changes with aging, (2) the factors that drive microglial aging in the retina, and (3) aging-related changes in microglial gene expression. We examine how these aspects of microglial aging changes may relate to pathogenic mechanisms of immune dysregulation driving the progression of age-related retinal disease. These relationships can highlight microglial aging as a novel target for the prevention and treatment of retinal disease.
摘要
与年龄相关的视网膜疾病，如年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）和青光眼，具有慢性视网膜炎症的特征，这可能会促进疾病进展。然而，衰老与神经炎症之间的关系尚不清楚。小胶质细胞是视网膜中长寿的常驻免疫细胞，介导局部神经炎症反应。我们假设小胶质细胞的衰老变化可能与年龄依赖性视网膜疾病潜在的神经炎症变化存在因果关系。在此，我们综述以下方面的证据：（1）视网膜小胶质细胞表型如何随衰老而变化；（2）驱动视网膜中小胶质细胞衰老的因素；（3）小胶质细胞基因表达的衰老相关变化。我们研究小胶质细胞衰老变化的这些方面如何与驱动年龄相关性视网膜疾病进展的免疫失调致病机制相关。这些关系可以突出小胶质细胞衰老作为视网膜疾病预防和治疗的新靶点。
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