Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
Chaos. 2015 Sep;25(9):097601. doi: 10.1063/1.4915527.
Experiments with superconducting microwave cavities have been performed in our laboratory for more than two decades. The purpose of the present article is to recapitulate some of the highlights achieved. We briefly review (i) results obtained with flat, cylindrical microwave resonators, so-called microwave billiards, concerning the universal fluctuation properties of the eigenvalues of classically chaotic systems with no, a threefold and a broken symmetry; (ii) summarize our findings concerning the wave-dynamical chaos in three-dimensional microwave cavities; (iii) present a new approach for the understanding of the phenomenon of dynamical tunneling which was developed on the basis of experiments that were performed recently with unprecedented precision, and finally, (iv) give an insight into an ongoing project, where we investigate universal properties of (artificial) graphene with superconducting microwave photonic crystals that are enclosed in a microwave resonator, i.e., so-called Dirac billiards.
二十多年来，我们实验室一直在进行超导微波腔的实验。本文的目的是总结取得的一些要点。我们简要回顾了（i）在具有无、三重和破对称的经典混沌系统中，具有普遍涨落特性的扁平圆柱形微波谐振器（所谓的微波弹球）的实验结果；（ii）总结了我们关于三维微波腔中波动力学混沌的发现；（iii）提出了一种新的方法来理解动态隧道现象，该方法是基于最近进行的具有空前精度的实验而发展起来的；最后，（iv）介绍了一个正在进行的项目，我们研究了封闭在微波谐振器中的超导微波光子晶体中的（人造）石墨烯的普遍性质，即所谓的狄拉克弹球。
