Wang Y H, Zhang X J, Fan S J
Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
Genet Mol Res. 2015 Sep 28;14(3):11613-23. doi: 10.4238/2015.September.28.13.
Annual wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.), the ancestor of cultivated soybean (G. max), is believed to be a potential gene source for further improvement of soybean to cope with environmental stress. In this study, 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure in five wild soybean populations using 195 accessions collected from Dongying, China. Ten SSR markers yielded 90 bands, with an average of nine bands per marker. The percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 97.78%, the distribution of expected heterozygosity (HE) was 0.1994-0.4460 with an average of 0.3262, and the distribution from Shannon's information index (I) was 0.3595-0.6506 with an average of 0.5386. The results showed that wild soybean had a high degree of genetic diversity at the species level. Nei's differentiation coefficient (FST) was 0.1533, and gene flow (Nm) was 1.3805, which indicated that genetic variation mainly existed within populations and that there was a certain level of gene exchange between populations. Some genetic differentiation occurred among populations, although this was not significant. Cluster analysis indicated that there was no significant correlation between the genetic structure of wild soybean populations and their geographic distribution, and the clustering results may be relatively consistent with the habitats of the accessions. In the present study, the genetic diversity of wild soybeans showed a broad genetic base and enables suggestions for the conservation of this plant to be made.
一年生野生大豆（Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.）是栽培大豆（G. max）的祖先，被认为是进一步改良大豆以应对环境胁迫的潜在基因来源。在本研究中，使用10个简单序列重复（SSR）标记，对从中国东营收集的195份材料组成的5个野生大豆种群的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了评估。10个SSR标记共产生90条带，每个标记平均9条带。多态性位点百分比（P）为97.78%，期望杂合度（HE）分布为0.1994 - 0.4460，平均为0.3262，香农信息指数（I）分布为0.3595 - 0.6506，平均为0.5386。结果表明，野生大豆在物种水平上具有高度的遗传多样性。内氏分化系数（FST）为0.1533，基因流（Nm）为1.3805，这表明遗传变异主要存在于种群内，且种群间存在一定程度的基因交流。种群间发生了一些遗传分化，尽管不显著。聚类分析表明，野生大豆种群的遗传结构与其地理分布之间没有显著相关性，聚类结果可能与材料的栖息地相对一致。在本研究中，野生大豆的遗传多样性显示出广泛的遗传基础，并为该植物的保护提供了建议。
