Protopapas Athanassios, Kapnoula Efthymia C
Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens.
Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science, University of Athens.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2016 Apr;42(4):542-65. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000191. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Effects of lexical and sublexical variables on visual word recognition are often treated as homogeneous across participants and stable over time. In this study, we examine the modulation of frequency, length, syllable and bigram frequency, orthographic neighborhood, and graphophonemic consistency effects by (a) individual differences, and (b) item repetition. A group of 129 participants performed lexical decision and naming, in counterbalanced order, using a set of 150 Greek words in which these variables were decorrelated. Frequency, length, and syllable frequency effects were reduced by a preceding task. Length effects were inversely related to years of education. Neighborhood effects depended on the metric used. There were no significant effects or interactions of bigram frequency or consistency. The results suggest that exposure to a word causes transient effects that may cumulatively develop into permanent individual differences. Models of word recognition must incorporate item-specific learning to account for these findings.
词汇和次词汇变量对视觉单词识别的影响通常被视为在参与者之间是同质的，并且随时间稳定。在本研究中，我们考察了（a）个体差异和（b）项目重复对频率、长度、音节和双字母组频率、正字法邻域以及字形音位一致性效应的调节作用。一组129名参与者以平衡顺序进行词汇判断和命名任务，使用一组150个希腊单词，其中这些变量是不相关的。频率、长度和音节频率效应因之前的任务而降低。长度效应与受教育年限呈负相关。邻域效应取决于所使用的度量标准。双字母组频率或一致性没有显著影响或交互作用。结果表明，接触一个单词会产生短暂的效应，这些效应可能会累积发展为永久性的个体差异。单词识别模型必须纳入特定项目的学习来解释这些发现。
