Ren Xinhao, Zhang Peng, Zhao Lijie, Sun Hongwen
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Key Laboratory of original Agro-Environmental Quality, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Feb;23(3):2724-34. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5518-z. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Biochars that were produced from three different biomass materials were amended to a soil to elucidate their influence on the fate of carbaryl. Sorption and degradation of carbaryl in soils amended with the biochars were investigated. The results showed that the amendment of biochars to soil enhanced the sorption of carbaryl. The nonlinearity of sorption isotherm and sorption affinity of carbaryl increased with the content and pyrolytic temperature of the biochars. Both chemical and biological degradation of carbaryl were influenced by biochars. The biochars enhanced the chemical hydrolysis of carbaryl in soil, with biochars produced at 700 °C (BC700) exhibiting greater impact, due to their strong liming effect. In contrast, BC350 (produced at 350 °C) promoted the biodegradation of carbaryl in soil by different extents, while BC700 obviously reduced the biodegradation of carbaryl. The enhanced activities of natural microorganisms in the soil and the lowered bioavailability of carbaryl acted together to determine the biodegradation.
将由三种不同生物质材料制成的生物炭添加到土壤中，以阐明它们对西维因归宿的影响。研究了添加生物炭的土壤中西维因的吸附和降解情况。结果表明，向土壤中添加生物炭增强了西维因的吸附。吸附等温线的非线性以及西维因的吸附亲和力随生物炭的含量和热解温度的升高而增加。西维因的化学和生物降解均受生物炭影响。生物炭增强了土壤中西维因的化学水解，其中700°C制备的生物炭（BC700）由于其较强的石灰效应而表现出更大的影响。相比之下，BC350（350°C制备）不同程度地促进了土壤中西维因的生物降解，而BC700明显降低了西维因的生物降解。土壤中天然微生物活性的增强和西维因生物有效性的降低共同决定了生物降解情况。
