Snell Emily K, Hindman Annemarie H, Belsky Jay
Temple University.
University of California,Davis.
Dev Psychopathol. 2015 Nov;27(4 Pt 1):1059-76. doi: 10.1017/S0954579415000681.
Evocative effects of child characteristics on the quality and quantity of child care were assessed in two studies using longitudinal data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care. We focus on the influence of child characteristics on two important aspects of the child care experience: language stimulation provided by caregivers and quantity of care. In Study 1, associations between the developmental status of children aged 15 to 54 months and the language stimulation provided by their caregivers were examined using path models, and longitudinal child effects were detected across the earliest time points of the study. In Study 2, the associations among child behavior, temperament, development, and time in care were examined. Little evidence was found for such child effects on time in care. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of child care on child development and implications for developmental processes, particularly for children at greatest risk for developmental delay or psychopathology.
在两项研究中，利用来自美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所（NICHD）早期儿童保育研究的纵向数据，评估了儿童特征对儿童保育质量和数量的唤起效应。我们关注儿童特征对儿童保育体验两个重要方面的影响：照顾者提供的语言刺激和保育数量。在研究1中，使用路径模型检验了15至54个月大儿童的发育状况与其照顾者提供的语言刺激之间的关联，并在研究的最早时间点检测到了纵向的儿童效应。在研究2中，考察了儿童行为、气质、发育和保育时间之间的关联。几乎没有证据表明儿童效应会影响保育时间。我们将根据儿童保育对儿童发育的影响以及对发育过程的影响来讨论研究结果，特别是对发育迟缓或精神病理学风险最高的儿童的影响。
