Cousins M J, Plummer J L, Hall P D
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Aust N Z J Surg. 1989 Jan;59(1):5-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01457.x.
Helothane hepatitis is a rare but sometimes fatal complication of halothane anaesthesia. Examination of case reports has pointed to a number of risk factors. Studies in animals and humans in the laboratory have provided evidence of a complex multifactorial basis for halothane hepatotoxicity, with the following factors playing a part: genetic predisposition; metabolism of halothane; repeated halothane anaesthetics; female sex; age of patient; intrahepatic hypoxia; and enzyme induction. Immunologic changes can be detected in a high percentage of cases of halothane hepatitis; however, studies establishing a cause-effect relationship are not available to determine if these changes cause, or result from, hepatic damage.
氟烷性肝炎是氟烷麻醉罕见但有时致命的并发症。对病例报告的审查指出了一些危险因素。实验室对动物和人类的研究提供了证据，表明氟烷肝毒性存在复杂的多因素基础，以下因素起了作用：遗传易感性；氟烷的代谢；重复使用氟烷麻醉剂；女性性别；患者年龄；肝内缺氧；以及酶诱导。在高比例的氟烷性肝炎病例中可检测到免疫变化；然而，尚无确定这些变化是导致肝损伤还是由肝损伤引起的因果关系的研究。
