DiBona G F
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.
Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1989;15(1-2):44-50.
The neural control of renal tubular solute and water transport is recognized as an important physiological mechanism in the overall regulation of solute and water homeostasis by the mammalian organism. Recent studies have expanded the understanding of this mechanism concerning the transport of diverse solutes with beginning insight into the precise nature of the cellular transport processes involved. The modulatory roles of both circulating and intrarenal hormonal systems on the responses to alterations in the magnitude of efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity are being understood from the nerve terminal release of neurotransmitter to influences on cellular transport processes which determine the overall effect. When dietary sodium intake is normal or only modestly reduced, intact renal innervation is not essential for normal renal sodium conservation. However, when dietary sodium intake is severely restricted, there is maximum engagement of all mechanisms known to participate in renal sodium conservation and, under these conditions, intact renal innervation is essential for normal renal sodium conservation.
肾小管溶质和水转运的神经控制被认为是哺乳动物机体在溶质和水平衡整体调节中的一种重要生理机制。最近的研究扩展了对该机制的理解，涉及多种溶质的转运，并初步深入了解了所涉及的细胞转运过程的确切性质。从神经末梢释放神经递质到对决定总体效应的细胞转运过程的影响，循环和肾内激素系统对传出肾交感神经活动强度改变的反应的调节作用正在被逐步认识。当饮食中钠摄入量正常或仅适度减少时，完整的肾神经支配对于正常的肾钠潴留并非必不可少。然而，当饮食中钠摄入量受到严格限制时，已知参与肾钠潴留的所有机制都会最大限度地发挥作用，在这些情况下，完整的肾神经支配对于正常的肾钠潴留至关重要。
