Vallée Romain, Dousset Sylvie, Schott François-Xavier, Pallez Christelle, Ortar Agnès, Cherrier Richard, Munoz Jean-François, Benoît Marc
LIEC, UMR 7360 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Bd des Aiguillettes, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
LIEC, UMR 7360 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Bd des Aiguillettes, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Environ Pollut. 2015 Dec;207:365-73. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.027. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
This study evaluates the efficiency of two small constructed wetlands installed in the regulatory grass strips between a drained plot and a river. The observed nitrate removal efficiencies were independent of the season or type of constructed wetland and ranged from 5.4 to 10.9% of the inlet amounts. The pesticide mass budgets ranged from -618.5 to 100%, depending on the molecule. The negative efficiencies were attributed to runoff and remobilization. In contrast, the highest efficiencies were associated with pesticides with high Koc and low DT50 (half-life) values, suggesting sorption and degradation. However, the effectiveness of these wetlands is limited for pesticides with low Koc or high DT50 values; thus, the use of these molecules must be reduced. Increasing the number of these small, inexpensive and low-maintenance wetlands in the agricultural landscape would reduce the level of water pollution whilst preserving the extent of cultivated land, but their long-term effectiveness should be evaluated.
本研究评估了安装在一块排水地与一条河流之间的管制草带中的两个小型人工湿地的效率。观察到的硝酸盐去除效率与季节或人工湿地类型无关，范围为进水总量的5.4%至10.9%。农药质量平衡范围为-618.5%至100%，具体取决于分子。负效率归因于径流和再迁移。相比之下，最高效率与具有高有机碳吸附系数（Koc）和低半衰期（DT50）值的农药相关，表明存在吸附和降解。然而，对于具有低Koc值或高DT50值的农药，这些湿地的有效性有限；因此，必须减少这些分子的使用。在农业景观中增加这些小型、廉价且维护成本低的湿地数量将降低水污染水平，同时保护耕地面积，但应评估它们的长期有效性。
