Wall Luke A, Dimitriades Victoria R, Sorensen Ricardo U
Section of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Jeffrey Modell Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
Section of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Jeffrey Modell Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2015 Nov;35(4):659-70. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2015.07.003. Epub 2015 Aug 25.
Patients with specific antibody deficiency (SAD) have a deficient immunologic response to polysaccharide antigens. Such patients experience sinopulmonary infections with increased frequency, duration, or severity compared with the general population. SAD is definitively diagnosed by immunologic challenge with a pure polysaccharide vaccine in patients 2 years old and older who have otherwise intact immunity, using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine as the current gold standard. Specific antibody deficiencies comprise multiple immunologic phenotypes. Treatment must be tailored based on the severity of symptoms. Most patients have a good prognosis. The deficiency may resolve over time, especially in children.
特异性抗体缺陷（SAD）患者对多糖抗原的免疫反应不足。与普通人群相比，此类患者发生鼻窦肺部感染的频率、持续时间或严重程度更高。对于2岁及以上免疫功能正常的患者，使用23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗作为当前金标准，通过纯多糖疫苗进行免疫激发试验可明确诊断SAD。特异性抗体缺陷包括多种免疫表型。治疗必须根据症状的严重程度进行调整。大多数患者预后良好。这种缺陷可能会随着时间推移而缓解，尤其是在儿童中。
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