Kawakami Yutaka
Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine.
Rinsho Ketsueki. 2015 Oct;56(10):2186-94. doi: 10.11406/rinketsu.56.2186.
As cancer immunotherapies utilizing anti-tumor T-cell responses, immuno-checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell immunotherapy have recently achieved durable responses even in advanced cancer patients with metastases. Administration of antibodies on the T-cell surface, CTLA-4 and PD-1 (or PD-1 ligand PD-L1), resulted in tumor regression of not only melanoma and renal cell cancer which were known to be relatively sensitive to immunotherapy, but also various malignancies including lung, bladder, ovarian, gastric, and head and neck cancers, as well as hematological malignancies such as Hodgkin and B-cell malignant lymphomas. These findings have changed the status of immunotherapy in the development of cancer treatments. Currently, development of combinations employing cancer immunotherapy with immuno-checkpoint blockade, as well as personalized cancer immunotherapy based on the evaluation of pretreatment immune status, are in progress.
作为利用抗肿瘤T细胞反应的癌症免疫疗法，免疫检查点阻断和过继性T细胞免疫疗法最近即使在患有转移灶的晚期癌症患者中也取得了持久的反应。在T细胞表面施用抗体CTLA-4和PD-1（或PD-1配体PD-L1），不仅导致已知对免疫疗法相对敏感的黑色素瘤和肾细胞癌出现肿瘤消退，还使包括肺癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌、胃癌和头颈癌在内的各种恶性肿瘤以及霍奇金淋巴瘤和B细胞恶性淋巴瘤等血液系统恶性肿瘤出现肿瘤消退。这些发现改变了免疫疗法在癌症治疗发展中的地位。目前，将癌症免疫疗法与免疫检查点阻断相结合的联合疗法以及基于治疗前免疫状态评估的个性化癌症免疫疗法正在研发中。
