Lau Katherine S L, Aalsma Matthew C, Holloway Evan D, Wiehe Sarah E, Vachon David D
Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine.
Department of Psychology, Fordham University.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2015 Sep;85(5):421-30. doi: 10.1037/ort0000100.
A majority of detained adolescents experience mental health and substance use problems. Limited research has examined the interaction between the race/ethnicity of an individual youth and county-level racial heterogeneity on adolescent mental health outcomes. Participants were identified through a statewide mental health screening project that took place in detention centers across 11 different counties in a Midwestern state during January 1, 2008, to May 10, 2010. A total of 23,831 detained youth (ages 11-18 years), identified as non-Hispanic White (46.6%), Black (43.5%), or Hispanic (9.8%), completed a mental health screener that assessed problems in alcohol/drug use, depression-anxiety, anger-irritability, trauma, somatic complaints, and suicide ideation. Census data were gathered to determine the racial heterogeneity of each county and other county-level variables. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to test the independent and interactive effects of youth race/ethnicity and county-level variables (including racial heterogeneity of the county) on adolescent mental health. Independent of other community characteristics, as county-level racial heterogeneity increased, mental health problems among detained youth decreased. In future research on the development and persistence of mental health problems in detained youth, both community and individual-level factors should be considered.
大多数被拘留的青少年都存在心理健康和药物使用问题。有限的研究探讨了个体青少年的种族/族裔与县级种族异质性对青少年心理健康结果的相互作用。参与者是通过一个全州范围的心理健康筛查项目确定的，该项目于2008年1月1日至2010年5月10日在中西部一个州的11个不同县的拘留中心进行。共有23831名被拘留青少年（年龄在11 - 18岁之间），被确定为非西班牙裔白人（46.6%）、黑人（43.5%）或西班牙裔（9.8%），他们完成了一项心理健康筛查，该筛查评估了酒精/药物使用、抑郁 - 焦虑、愤怒 - 易怒、创伤、躯体不适和自杀意念等方面的问题。收集了人口普查数据以确定每个县的种族异质性和其他县级变量。使用分层线性回归分析来检验青少年种族/族裔和县级变量（包括县的种族异质性）对青少年心理健康的独立和交互作用。独立于其他社区特征，随着县级种族异质性的增加，被拘留青少年的心理健康问题减少。在未来关于被拘留青少年心理健康问题的发展和持续性的研究中，应同时考虑社区和个体层面的因素。
