Cuthbertson Andrew G S, Qiu Bao-Li, Murchie Archie K
The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK.
Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Insects. 2014 Jul 24;5(3):615-28. doi: 10.3390/insects5030615.
The increasing concern over the continued use of pesticides is pressurising apple growers to look for alternatives to chemical pest control. The re-discovery, and subsequent conservation, of the beneficial predatory mite, Anystis baccarum (Linnaeus) (Acari: Anystidae), in Bramley apple orchards in Northern Ireland offers a potential alternative control component for incorporation into integrated pest management strategies. Anystis baccarum readily feeds upon economically important invertebrate pest species including European fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) and show a level of compatibility with chemical pesticides. Recent mis-identification by apple growers of this beneficial mite species had resulted in unnecessary pesticide applications being applied within Northern Irish apple orchards. However, dissemination of information to the apple growers and promotion of the benefits this mite offers in apple orchards has helped to conserve its populations. Apple growers, across the United Kingdom, must be encouraged to be aware of A. baccarum, and indeed all predatory fauna, within their orchards and seek to conserve populations. In doing so, it will ensure that the British apple market remains an environmentally sustainable production system.
人们对持续使用杀虫剂的担忧与日俱增，这迫使苹果种植者寻找化学害虫防治的替代方法。在北爱尔兰的布拉姆利苹果园中重新发现并随后加以保护的有益捕食螨巴氏钝绥螨（Anystis baccarum (Linnaeus)，蜱螨亚纲：钝绥螨科），为纳入综合害虫管理策略提供了一种潜在的替代防治手段。巴氏钝绥螨很容易捕食包括欧洲果树红蜘蛛（Panonychus ulmi (Koch)，蜱螨亚纲：叶螨科）在内的具有经济重要性的无脊椎害虫物种，并且与化学农药具有一定程度的兼容性。近期苹果种植者对这种有益螨类物种的误认，导致北爱尔兰苹果园进行了不必要的农药施用。然而，向苹果种植者传播信息并宣传这种螨在苹果园中的益处，有助于保护其种群数量。必须鼓励英国各地的苹果种植者了解其果园中的巴氏钝绥螨以及所有捕食性动物，并努力保护其种群。这样做将确保英国苹果市场仍然是一个环境可持续的生产系统。
