Al Omari Omar, Abdel Razeq Nadin M, Fooladi Marjaneh M
Faculty of Nursing, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan.
Department of Maternal, and Child Health, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016 Jun;29(3):246-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.09.005. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
Menarche is a significant physical and emotional experience for adolescent girls, especially in certain cultures, where it is viewed as a rite of passage, affecting the meaning of lived experiences. The purpose of the study was to explore the menarche experience among Jordanian adolescent girls when they reach menarche.
Interpretive phenomenological analysis.
Az-Zarqa City, Jordan.
PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A homogenous sample of 7 Jordanian girls, ages 12-14 years, who had their first menstruation within the past 6 months. Participants were asked to narrate their experiences through journal writing; their reports to be used for interpretive phenomenological analyses by 2 independent researchers, to ensure the findings' trustworthiness.
Three major themes emerged as: (1) menstruation as a forbidden topic; (2) keeping the "topic" to oneself; and (3) no more secrets. Each theme was characterized according to distinct sets of emotions and knowledge-seeking patterns because Jordanian culture and Islamic teachings had greatly influenced the girls' experience of menarche. Menarche was considered a social taboo; not to be openly discussed. At the first signs of menarche, participants were shocked, scared, confused, and anxious. They had limited information and support from their family or school system. Therefore, they relied on self-perceptions about menarche, and viewed the experience of menstruation with profound negative emotions. Participants hesitated to share their experiences with their mothers and close friends. They felt alone and experienced their emotional turmoil in isolation and without support.
Jordanian adolescent girls need formal health education to understand and manage the reproductive changes that occur in their bodies.
月经初潮对青春期女孩来说是一次重要的生理和情感体验，尤其是在某些文化中，它被视为一种成长仪式，影响着生活经历的意义。本研究的目的是探索约旦青春期女孩月经初潮时的经历。
诠释现象学分析。
约旦扎尔卡市。
参与者、干预措施及主要结局指标：选取7名年龄在12至14岁之间、在过去6个月内首次月经来潮的约旦女孩组成同质样本。参与者被要求通过写日记来讲述她们的经历；她们的报告由2名独立研究人员用于诠释现象学分析，以确保研究结果的可信度。
出现了三个主要主题：（1 )月经是一个禁忌话题；（2）对这个“话题”保密 ;（3）不再有秘密。每个主题都根据不同的情感集和求知模式来表征，因为约旦文化和伊斯兰教教义对女孩的月经初潮经历有很大影响。月经初潮被视为一种社会禁忌，不应公开讨论。在月经初潮的最初迹象出现时，参与者感到震惊、害怕、困惑 和焦虑。她们从家庭或学校系统获得的信息和支持有限。因此，她们依赖于对月经初潮的自我认知，并以深深的负面情绪看待月经经历。参与者犹豫是否要与母亲和亲密朋友分享她们的经历。她们感到孤独，独自经历情感上的动荡且没有支持。
约旦青春期女孩需要正规的健康教育，以了解和应对她们身体出现的生殖变化。
