Hapukotuwa Nirmala K, Grace J Kenneth
College of Tropical Agriculture & Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore Hall 310, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Insects. 2011 Nov 25;2(4):499-508. doi: 10.3390/insects2040499.
The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, and the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann), are both pests of wood in service in Hawaii and Florida. We conducted a laboratory study using method modified from those described in standard E1-09 of the American Wood Protection Association (AWPA 2009) to assess the termite resistance of three commercially available wood species used in regions of the USA where both termite species occur: Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziessii, southern yellow pine, Pinus spp. and redwood, Sequoia sempervirens. A multiple-choice (three-choice) assay was used for four weeks (28 days) in order to simulate field conditions of food choice and assess termite feeding preferences under 28 °C and 72-80% RH. 400 termites (360 workers: 40 soldiers) were released into each test jar. Five replicates and two controls of each wood species were used with each termite species. Termite mortality was recorded at the end of the test; and wood wafers were oven-dried and weighed before and after termite exposure to determine the mass loss due to termite feeding, and rated visually on a 0 (failure) to 10 (sound) scale. There were significant differences in mean mass loss values among the three wood species and between two termite species. The mean mass loss value for redwood was significantly lower than Douglas fir and southern yellow pine with both termite species. However, C. formosanus showed increased feeding on Douglas fir and southern yellow pine compared to C. gestroi.
台湾乳白蚁（Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki）和黑胸散白蚁（Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann)）都是夏威夷和佛罗里达州在用木材的害虫。我们进行了一项实验室研究，采用了对美国木材保护协会（AWPA 2009）标准E1-09中所述方法进行修改后的方法，来评估在美国这两种白蚁都存在的地区使用的三种商用木材的抗白蚁性能：花旗松（Pseudotsuga menziesii）、南方黄松（Pinus spp.）和红木（Sequoia sempervirens）。为了模拟食物选择的野外条件并评估在28℃和72-80%相对湿度下白蚁的取食偏好，采用了多项选择（三选一）试验，为期四周（28天）。将400只白蚁（360只工蚁：40只兵蚁）放入每个测试罐中。每种木材与每种白蚁物种均设置五个重复和两个对照。在试验结束时记录白蚁死亡率；在白蚁接触前后，将木片烘干并称重，以确定由于白蚁取食造成的质量损失，并在0（失败）至10（完好）的等级上进行目视评级。三种木材之间以及两种白蚁物种之间的平均质量损失值存在显著差异。对于两种白蚁物种，红木的平均质量损失值均显著低于花旗松和南方黄松。然而，与黑胸散白蚁相比，台湾乳白蚁对花旗松和南方黄松的取食量增加。
